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2 March 2010 By Dave Lindorff Geneva, Switzerland--As I write this
article, I’m seated in a hotel room across from the
train station in Geneva, Switzerland. There’s a
slight, dull pain in my forehead from a two-inch line
of stitches that are pulling together a gash that runs
diagonally across my brow, thanks to a stumble on a
high step on a sidewalk in the rain last night, that
sent me flying airborne headfirst into a round metal
lamppost. I have been covering the Fourth Congress Against
the Death Penalty sponsored by the United Nations and
the international abolition movement, which brought
together anti-death penalty groups from all over the
world, and featured talks and workshops with a number
of people, several from the US, who had spent years
and even decades on death rows before being found
innocent of the crimes that had put them there. In view of their agonies and torments, my own
little injury seems rather pathetic, but it did give
me a chance, as the debate over how to deal with
America’s health care crisis drags on in Washington,
to see in person the workings of a non-socialist model
of health care--but one that controls prices and also
mandates (that word that strikes terror into every
Republican heart) that everyone buy insurance. The answer is, it works pretty damned well! When I got up from my sprawled position on the
sidewalk and stood, there were gasps of horror from my
companions as they looked at my gaping wound. Blood
began pouring from it and refused to be stanched. I
was walked back the block or so to the International
Center where someone got out an emergency medical kit
and cleaned me up a bit. Then an ambulance was called. The three EMT guys in the ambulance competently and
professionally checked me our for signs of a
concussion, found none, and let me climb in back and
sit. On the way to the hospital we discussed their
work. The big difference between them and drivers in
cities like New York, Los Angeles, or Philadelphia,
where I’ve lived, is that they said they had almost
never had to transport a gunshot victim. “We have a
lot of knifings in the summer for some reason--usually
drug related,” said one EMT. “But no gunshot wounds.” But the big difference came when we got to the big
public University of Geneva teaching hospital that
they chose for my treatment. Exiting the ambulance,
the men led me without stopping right past the intake
and billing office, into the emergency room, where
they brought me to the doctor in charge. She checked
me out and, determining that I was not a serious case,
dispatched me to the waiting room adjacent to the ER.
It was equipped with free internet service, so I was
able to contact my family while I waited. Having been triaged into a low-priority category, I
sat for about an hour in what proved to be a clean,
well-appointed ER operation. Unlike urban ERs I’ve had
occasion to visit over the years in the US, which tend
to be controlled chaos, this place was calm and
smooth-running. Maybe it’s because there weren’t
police rushing in every so often delivering serious
injured arrestees or victims. (Traffic here seems more
orderly than what I’m used to too, plus there is a
paucity of over-weight “muscle cars” and SUVs, so
there may be fewer crash victims coming into the ER
also.) In any case my turn for treatment came soon enough.
The doctor and a nurse did a careful job of sewing me
up, pulling the wound together with two layers of
stitches. Then they sent me on my way, with a letter
of instructions to my American doctor about what
they’d done, and when he should plan on pulling out
the stitches. On the way out, I passed through the billing room,
where the nurse introduced me to a billing office
clerk. My bill for the ER visit: $200. Now that is probably between 400% and 900% less
than what the same injury would have cost in an
American hospital ER--and in an American ER, I might
not have even been stitched up by a doctor. (A friend
in Philadelphia from Puerto Rico who went to Temple
University’s public teaching hospital emergency room
with a nasty case of the flu was given some aspirin
and sent home a few years ago with a bill for $2000).
Clearly the highly regulated private insurance plans
that every Swiss person (including any non-citizen
resident staying longer than three months) is mandated
to buy (low-income people and the unemployed get
subsidized), are keeping the hospital and doctor
charges low. One big difference between what is being offered up
as insurance “reform” by House, Senate and President
Obama, and what the Swiss have, is that every Swiss
person buys a basic health insurance plan on which the
Swiss insurance companies are barred from making a
penny of profit. The insurance firms can offer highly
profitable supplemental plans that cover amenities
like private rooms, but they must also offer the basic
plans at competitive rates. There is no “managed
care”--the euphemistic term for the common American
insurance plans that actually manage no care
for enrollees. Patients can choose their own doctors
and hospitals and don’t go through medical gatekeepers
to get authorized for treatment. They do have co-pays
for treatment, but the total deductible outlay per
person ranges from 300-2500 Swiss Franks per year
(about $275-$2300) depending upon the plan chosen by
the enrollee. “Our insurance is not cheap, and it keeps getting
more expensive,” Evelyne Giordani, the coordinator of
Lifespark, a Swiss-based anti-death penalty
organization, told me. “But it is still a lot better
than what you have to pay in the US.” Well, of course, many Americans have some of their
insurance premium paid for by their employer--an
arrangement which American businesses actually like
and have lobbied to keep, knowing that they are just
paying for it with money that they aren’t paying in
higher wages. (Workers only think they are
not paying when the premiums are covered as a benefit,
all or in part, by the employer.) American employers
actually like being the health insurance provider
because where the Swiss, like their fellow Europeans
with more socialist-style or single-payer style health
systems, aren’t tethered to their jobs by the
serf-like bonds of health insurance, most Americans
have to worry that if they quit, get fired, or go out
on strike, they and their families are then left at
the mercy of the health care industry. That in fact is
a major reason American workers are so much more
docile and cowed by management than are their European
counterparts. So all in all, the Swiss have it pretty good.
They’ve got excellent health care, available to all.
They aren’t being held for ransom by employers. They
have complete freedom of choice of physician, hospital
and course of treatment. The have reasonable costs for
their care. And they are still only collectively
spending just over 10% of GDP per year on health care.
That’s more than the next most costly country, Canada,
which devotes 9% of GDP to health care with its
single-payer Medicare-for-all type system. But it’s
still a far cry from the staggering 17.5% of GDP that
gets pumped into the medical industrial complex in the
US, where nonetheless 40 million Americans remain left
out of the system, with no ready access to medical
care at all. The one place where Swiss health care and American
health care have something in common is ambulance
service. While my care in the hospital was incredibly
cheap, my bill for the ambulance ride was $730, which
is about what I expect it would have cost me in the US
(maybe a little less). One difference though--most of
that bill would be covered in Switzerland. I’m less
confident about getting reimbursed by my Blue Cross
plan, though. They’ll probably figure out some way to
weasel out of paying for it. |