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16 August 2010
By Jacob G. Hornberger The feds have figured out another way to use the
war on terrorism as a way to avoid the Constitution,
specifically the Bill of Rights. This time, it’s the
Sixth Amendment’s guarantee of effective assistance of
counsel that falls by the wayside. Keep in mind that the president no longer complies
with the Constitution’s requirement that Congress must
declare war before the president can wage war. Ever
since World War II (when FDR sought a declaration of
war from Congress after the Pearl Harbor attack, as
the Constitution required him to), presidents have
simply ignored the Constitution in this regard. Hardly
anyone — libertarians being the big exception — has
cared. After all, it’s only one constitutional
requirement that’s being ignored, right? After 9/11, the president and Pentagon declared war
on terrorism, which they said gave them the
prerogative of avoiding constitutional restraints on
their power. This was war, they said, and nothing can
interfere with the president’s omnipotent military
powers to wage the war. What was interesting about this war was that it
involved what had traditionally been a criminal
offense — that is, terrorism (which still is a
criminal offense in the U.S. Code), which they simply
converted into an act of war, at their option. Those suspected terrorists who are treated as
criminal defendants receive the guarantees of the
Constitution and the Bill of Rights. Those who are labeled enemy combatants get kangaroo
military tribunals, indefinite incarceration, denial
of speedy trials, torture, and sometimes even
extra-judicial execution. Then came the power to assassinate. The president,
the CIA, and the Pentagon now claim the authority to
assassinate anyone they want, including Americans,
because, they say, in the war on terrorism the entire
world, especially the United States, is the
battlefield. Thus, while they seem to acknowledge that they’ve
got to go to a judge to get a warrant to search a
person’s home, they can simply kill the person with a
bullet or a drone missile attack without any judicial
review whatsoever. And now, they’ve come up with a clever little
bureaucratic trick to ensure that the Americans (and
others) who they target for assassination, torture, or
incarceration cannot receive the benefit of counsel.
Without any constitutional amendment — indeed,
without even a law enacted by Congress — the Treasury
Department has issued regulations barring attorneys
from representing specially designated terrorists
without first securing a license from the Treasury
Department. If an attorney represents such a terrorist
without the special license, they’ll criminally
prosecute him — and possibly even deny him the
assistance of counsel. As an aside, keep in mind that the Treasury
Department is the agency responsible for issuing
licenses to Americans who wish to travel to Cuba and
spend money there. In other words, notwithstanding the
fact that the rights to travel and spend one’s own
money are fundamental rights, an American must ask for
a license from his own government before he can
exercise them. That’s what statists call freedom — the
freedom to ask for permission to exercise fundamental
rights. And now they’ve done the same with the right of
criminal suspects to have an attorney represent them
before they’re murdered, tortured, incarcerated, or
otherwise punished by the government. Why do the feds hate criminal defense attorneys?
Criminal defense attorneys are obstacles to illegal
conduct on the part of the government. They ensure
that the government is not only following the law but
also that it’s not using perjured or manufactured
evidence to convict people who the feds are convinced
are guilty. The government often wrongfully accuses people of
crimes. It makes mistakes, and it sometimes even
targets people who are innocent, manufacturing or
planting evidence to establish guilt. Moreover, keep in mind that everyone is supposed to
be presumed innocent until proven guilty beyond a
reasonable doubt in a court of law. The government
wants to avoid that important step and simply have its
accusation be conclusive. Criminal defense attorneys serve as obstacles to a
government running roughshod over the citizenry.
That’s why they are so hated and resented not only by
U.S. officials but also officials in China, North
Korea, and Cuba. Our American ancestors knew that the federal
government would attract the types of people who would
run roughshod over people. That’s why they included
the following provision in the Sixth Amendment: “In
all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall … have
the Assistance of Counsel for his defence.” Like so many other constitutional constraints, the
feds are now avoiding that one. It’s just another sad
and ominous legacy of the war on terrorism. Jacob Hornberger is founder and president of The
Future of Freedom Foundation. |