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1202:
Death of the Ghurid Sultan Ghias ud Din; accession of
Mahmud.
1204: Shahab ud Din Ghuri defeated by the Ghuzz Turks.
1206: Death of Shahab ud Din Ghuri. Qutb ud Din Aibik
crowned king in Lahore.
1210: Assassination of the Ghurid Sultan MahmUd,
accession of Sam. Death of Qutb ud Din Aibak, accession
of Aram Shah in India.
1211: End of the Ghurid rule, their territories annexed
by the Khawarzam Shahs. In India Aram Shah overthrown by
Iltutmish.
1212: Battle of Al Uqab in Spain, end of the Al Mohad
rule in Spain. The Al Mohads suffer defeat by the
Christians in Spain at the Al-Uqba. The Al Mohad Sultan
An Nasir escapes to Morocco where he dies soon after.
Accession of his son Yusuf who takes over title of Al
Mustansir.
1214: In North Africa death of the Al Mohad ruler Al
Nasir, accession of Al Mustansir. The Banu Marin under
their leader Abdul Haq occupy the north eastern part of
Morocco.
1216: The Banu Marin under their leader Abdul Haq occupy
north eastern part of Morocco. The Al Mohads suffer
defeat by the Marinids at the battle of Nakur. The Banu
Marin defeat the Al Mobads at the battle of Nakur.
1217: The Marinids suffer defeat in the battle fought on
the banks of the Sibu river. Abdul Haq is killed and the
Marinids evacuate Morocco. In the battle of Sibu the
Marinids suffer defeat; their leader Abdul Haq is killed
and they evacuate Morocco.
1218: Death of the Ayyubid ruler Al Adil, accession of
Al Kamil. The Marinids return to Morocco under their
leader Othman and occupy Fez.
1220: Death of the Khawarzam Shah Ala ud Din, accession
of Jalal ud Din Mangbarni.
1222: Death of the Zangi ruler Nasir ud Din Mahmud,
power captured by Badr ud Din Lulu.
1223: Death of the Al Mohad ruler Muntasir, accession of
Abdul Wahid. Death of Yusuf Al Mustansir, accession of
Abdul Wahid in Morocco.. In Spain a brother of Yusuf
declares his independence and assumes the title of Al
Adil. In Spain Abu Muhammad overthrows Al Adil. Al Adil
escapes to Morocco and overthrows Abdul Wahid.
1224: Death of the Al Mohad ruler Abdul Wahid, accession
of Abdullah Adil.
1225: Death of the Abbasid Caliph Al Nasir, accession of
Al Mustansir.
1227: Death of the Al Mohad ruler Abdullah Adil,
accession of Mustasim. Assassination of Al Adil,
accession of his son Yahya who assumes the throne under
the name of Al Mustasim.
1229: Death of the Al Mohad ruler Mustasim, accession of
Idris. The Ayyubid Al Kamil restores Jerusalem to the
Christians. Abu Muhammad dies in Spain and is succeeded
by Al Mamun. Al Mamun invades Morocco with Christian
help. Yahya is defeated and power is captured by Al
Mamun. He denies the Mahdiship of Ibn Tumarat.
1230: End of the Khawarzam Shah rule.
1232: Death of the Al Mohad ruler Idris, accession, of
Abdul Wahid II. Assassination of Al Mamun; accession of
his son Ar-Rashid.
1234: Death of the Ayyubid ruler Al Kamil, accession of
Al Adil.
1236: Death of Delhi Sultan Iltutmish. Accession of Rukn
ud Din Feroz Shah.
1237: Accession of Razia Sultana as Delhi Sultan.
1240: Death of Ar-Rashid; accession of his son Abu Said.
1241: Death of Razia Sultana, accession of Bahram Shah.
1242: Death of Bahram Shah, accession of Ala ud Din
Masud Shah as Delhi Sultan. Death of the Al Mohad rules
Abdul Wahid, accession of Abu Hasan. Death of the
Abbasid Caliph Mustansir, accession of Mustasim.
1243: Death of the Al Mohad ruler Abdul Walid II,
accession of
1244: The Al Mohads defeat the Marinids at the battle of
Abu Bayash. The Marinids evacuate Morocco.
1245: The Muslims reconquer Jerusalem.
1246: Death of the Delhi Sultan Ala ud Din Masud Shah,
accession of Nasir ud Din Mahmud Shah.
1248: Death of the Al Mohad ruler Abul Hasan, accession
of Omar Murtaza. Abu Said attacks Tlemsen, but is
ambushed and killed; accession of his son Murtada.
1250: The Marinids return to Morocco, and occupy a
greatar part thereof.
1258: The Mongols sack Baghdad. Death of the Abbasid
Caliph Mustasim. End of the Abbasid rule. Fall of
Baghdad, end of the Abbasid caliphate. The Mongol
II-Khans under Halaku establish their rule in Iran and
Iraq with the capital at Maragah. Berek Khan the Muslim
chief of the Golden Horde protests against the treatment
meted out to the Abbasid Caliph and withdraw his
Contingent from Baghdad.
1259: Abu Abdullah the Hafsid ruler declares himself as
the Caliph and assumes the name of Al Mustamir.
1260: Battle of Ayn Jalut in Syria. The Mongols are
defeated by the Mamluks of Egypt, and the spell of the
invincibility of the Mongols is broken. Baybars becomes
the Mamluk Sultan.
1262: Death of Bahauddin Zikriya in Multan who is
credited with the introduction of the Suhrawardi Sufi
order in the IndoPakistan sub-continent.
1265: Death of Halaku. Death of Fariduddin Ganj Shakkar
the Chishti saint of the Indo-Pakistan sub-continent.
1266: Death of Berek Khan the first ruler of the Golden
Horde to be converted to Islam. The eighth crusade. The
crusaders invade Tunisia. Failure of the crusade.
1267: Malik ul Salih establishes the first Muslim state
of Samudra Pasai in Indonesia. Murtada seeks the help of
the Christians, and the Spaniards invade Morocco. The
Marinids drive away the Spaniards from Morocco.
Assassination of Murtada; accession of Abu Dabbas.
1269: Abu Dabbas is overthrown by the Marinida, End of
the Al Mohads. End of the rule of the Al Mohads in
Morocco, the Marinids come to power in Morocco under Abu
Yaqub.
1270: Death of Mansa Wali the founder of the Muslim rule
in M ali.
1272: Death of Muhammad I the founder of the state of
Granada. Yaghmurason invades Morocco but meets a reverse
at the battle
1273: Death of Jalaluddin Rumi.
1274: Death of Nasiruddin Tusi. The Marinids wrest
Sijilmasa from the Zayenids. Ninth crusade under Edward
I of England. The crusade ends in fiasco and Edward
returns to England.
1277: Death of Baybars.
1280: Battle of Hims.
1283: Death of Yaghmurasan. Accession of his son Othman.
1285: Tunisis splits in Tunis and Bougie.
1286: Death of Ghiasuddin Balban. Death of Abu Yusuf
Yaqub. Bughra Khan declares his independence in Bengal
under the name of Nasiruddin.
1290: End of the slave dynasty Jalaluddin Khilji comes
into power. Othman embarks on a career of conquest and
by 1290 C.E. most of the Central Maghreb is conquered by
the Zayanids.
1291: Saadi.
1296: Alauddin Ghazan converted to Islam.
1299: Mongols invade Syria. The Marinids besiege Tlemsen
the capital of the Zayanids.
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