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The majority of the scholars say that it is preferred to make
prostrations of thankfulness (shukr) when one receives a
bounty or is rescued from some trial. Abu Bakr reports that,
when the Prophet sallallahu alehi wasallam received something
which pleased him or some glad tidings, he would make the
sajdah in thanks to Allah. This is related by Abu Dawud, Ibn
Majah, and at-Tirmizhi who says it is hasan.
And al-Baihaqi records, with a chain that meets al-Bukhari's
conditions, that when 'Ali wrote to the Messenger of Allah,
informing him that Hamazhan had embraced Islam, the Prophet
prostrated, and when he raised his head, he said: "Peace
be upon Hamazhan, peace be upon Hamazhan."
'Abdurrahman ibn 'Auf relates that the Messenger of Allah
went out once and he followed him until he entered a grove of
palm trees and prostrated. His prostration was so long that 'Abdurrahman
feared that Allah had taken his soul. 'Abdurrahman came to
look at him and he raised his head and said: "What is
wrong, Abdurrahman'?" Abdurrahman mentioned what had
happened, and he said: "Gabriel alehi as-salam came to me
and said: 'Shall I not give you glad tidings'? Allah says to
you, Whoever prays upon you, I pray upon him. Whoever salutes
you, I salute him.' Therefore, I prostrated to Allah in
thanks." This is related by Ahmad and by AlHakim who
says: "It is sahih according to the criterion of al-Bukhari
and Muslim. And I do not know anything more authentic than
that."
Al-Bukhari records that Ka'b ibn Malik made a sajdah when
he received the news that Allah had accepted his repentance.
Ahmad records that 'Ali performed the sajdah when he heard the
news that Zhul-Thudayyah of the Khawarij was killed. Also, as
mentioned before, Sa'id ibn Mansur recorded that Abu Bakr made
sajdah in thankfulness when Musailimah was killed.
The prostration of thankfulness is bound by the same
requirements as the prostration in prayer, while some disagree
as it is not a prayer. The author of Fath al-'Alam remarks:
"This latter opinion is closer to being correct."
Ash-Shaukani said: "There is nothing in the hadith to
prove that ablution and purity of the clothes and place are
required for sajdat-ushshukr. And that is the opinion of Imam
Yahya and Abu Talib. And these hadith are silent about any
takbir being made with the prostration. In alBahr it is stated
that there is a takbir. Imam Yahya says: 'One is not to make
the prostration of thankfulness during a prayer as it is not
part of the prayer.'"
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