Ruling Regarding Women Travelling To The Land of Jihad
28 November 2016By Ahmed Al-Hamdan
Do you advise for women to travel to the lands of fighting, especially since
there exists a Khilafah state towards which Hijrah is allowed even without a
Mahram (any close relative who cannot be married to her)? And if a woman does
reach there, then is it allowed for her to get married herself on her own? Or
is it necessary that her father who is in her country should agree to
whichever man who comes to her?
Personally, from experience I do not advise women to go to the land of battle,
especially those lands which are not stable and their control goes around
between you and your enemy. And now all the battlefronts are following the
tactic of 'attack and retreat, and there is no land of Jihad that is stable
today (like how it was under the Taliban during the 1990s) for us to consider
it possible or permissible for the women and children to come to such stable
lands.
And some of the scholars and leaders have seen and warned about its danger.
From amongst them is Aasim al Muammar, an Arab leader who was present in
Afghanistan after the American invasion, and who wrote an article entitled
''The danger of women travelling for Jihad in our present time and stories from
the ground''. He mentioned in it some tragic and painful scenes which happened
to some of the families of the Muhajireen after the fall of the government of
the Taliban, scenes which he had himself witnessed, and how some of the
apostates distributed these women amongst themselves and so on, and other such
stories, which if a person were to read them, he would cry in anguish and in
pain.
Shaykh Abu Muhammad al-Maqdisi had mentioned in his letter 'Advise to the
brothers who are asking their wives and children to join them in Syria, that
''The ferocity of the battle in Syria has not yet begun''. He then said:
''If the brother who is asking his family and the women to join with him in the
field of Jihad in Syria is unaware of these realities, then he is one of the
most negligent of people about what is being plotted and planned against him.
And such negligence is unbecoming to the Mujahideen. And if he is not
negligent of it, and this is what I consider as being more likely and what I
think the people of Jihad to be, then how can it be permissible for him to
drag his family into such turmoil while our Syrian brothers are themselves
fleeing with their women and daughters away from it. And those of them who
would wish to wage Jihad would then return back after they have secured their
families in a place far away from the battlefield. And they only do this
because they are aware of the criminality of this regime and how great is its
enmity towards the people of Islam and how they do not hesitate to rape their
free women''. (Page 4)
And when Shaykh Eesa al Awshan (who is a judge of Al Qaeda in Saudi Arabia)
spoke in the magazine (Sawt al Jihad, issue no. 15, page 26) regarding the
story of Khalid al-Sebeit, he said ''Khalid went to Azerbaijan and then from
there to Turkey where his wife was with the women of the Arab Mujahideen, who
went out at the beginning of the war''.
So the Mujahideen did not keep their women with them in the land of battle,
rather they moved them to a safe place which is away from the area of conflict
and fighting due to the fear of the occurrence of the worst.
All what has been mentioned, warned the women from accompanying their husbands
to the lands of Jihad!! So how about doing so without even a Mahram in the
first place?!
Some of the Shaykhs of Jihad have exempted the one who is being pursued or is
wanted by the security.
Secondly: Who is the Khalifah?
It is reported in the two Saheehs (Bukhari and Muslim) that ''The Imaam
(leader) is no more than a shield behind whom the enemies are fought and the
people are protected''.
Shaykh Abu Muhammad al-Maqdisi says in Risaala Ath-Thalaatheeniya (page 148)
that ''What it means is that shelter is sought under the Imaam and under him
there is safety and protection for the subjects as he is like a shield and
armour for them''.
That is, the actual leader is the one who has the ability to protect the
Muslims who are under him. But if we look at the case of al-Baghdadi, he
cannot pray in a mosque publicly like how the previous Khalifas used to do,
due to his fear of being targeted. So he is not able to protect himself, let
alone protect the others.
So when Allah said: ''O you who believe! When believing women come to you as
emigrants, examine them, Allah knows best as to their Faith. And if you
ascertain that they are believers, then do not send them back to the
disbelievers'', (Surah Mujaadila) this was after the treaty of Hudaybiyah and
after the pillars of the Prophetic authority had become stable in Medina.
Despite the fact that the Kuffar tried to kill the Prophet who was the leader,
he did not hide but he kept mingling with the people and prayed with them and
associated with them, and the location of the Prophet and the Khalifas after
him were well known. And this is an evidence for having gained the actual
stability, and not the false stability.
So we cannot compare this situation with the situation of Medina and apply the
same evidences in a situation which is completely different.
Thirdly: If we assume that there is someone who did not pay attention to this
and she went to the land of Jihad and it became a reality, and she wanted to
marry, then the leader or the judge of the group will have the status of the
Wali (her guardian) in this case.
Shaykh Abu Qatada said in his third meeting with Ghurfath Al Fajr al
Islamiyyah ''As for her staying there, if she married one of the youth of Islam
who is a match for her, then it is allowed for her''. (Page 13)
That is, it is allowed for her to marry him without the permission of her real
Wali through the judge or the leader of the group.
But there is one final point: Sometimes the women go to the land of Jihad, not
for the sake of marrying, but for living under the authority of the Jihadi
groups, while she does not want to marry. Then a young man comes and proposes
for marriage to her, and the judge gets her married to him against her will or
without her desiring it – is this permissible?
One of the Shaykhs, Dr. Aamir al-Busalamah wrote a treatise that he named as
''The ruling on forcing women to marry'' in which he made a comparative study on
the four Islamic Mazhabs (Maliki, Hanafi, Hanbali, Shafii) and their opinions
regarding conducting the womans marriage against her will, and he then
concluded with the opinion which is the most correct, and he said:
''And that which is apparent from the sayings of the scholars is that it is not
allowed to conduct the marriage of a sane adult woman against her will,
regardless of whether she is a virgin or not a virgin. Rather it is necessary
to have her consent''.
Then he quoted the saying of Imaam ibn al Qayyim which states:
''And the ruling for this is that an adult woman is not to be forced for
marriage, and she should not be married without her consent ….. And this is
the statement which we believe in. And we do not believe in any other than
this. And this is in accordance with the ruling of the Messenger of Allah, may
peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and his commands and prohibitions,
and the fundamentals of his Shariah, and the benefit of the Ummah'' (Zaad al
Maad Fee Hadyi Khayr al Ibaad, 5/96)
Then he stated the evidences from the two Saheehs and the analogy and benefits
and harms that support this saying of the impermissibility of marrying a woman
against her will and that her consent is a condition for the marriage as Ibn
Hazm has stated.
And this is what I have to say about this subject, may Allah reward you with
good.
And our final supplications are that all praise belongs to Allah the Lord of
all that exists.
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