| This Surah (Revealed) Meccan, consisting of 28 or 29 verses.(Nâh)
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| بِسْم ِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ | |
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Tafseer
Verily We sent Noah to his people [saying]: âWarn your people before there come
on them â should they not believe â a painful chastisementâ, in this world and in the Hereafter.
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Tafseer
He said, âO my people, I am indeed a plain warner to you, one whose warning is
plain,
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Tafseer
[to tell you] that [you should] worship God and fear Him and obey me,
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Tafseer
that He may forgive you some of your sins (min dhunūbikum, âsome of your sinsâ:
min may be taken as extra, because submission to God (islām) expunges everything [of sin that was
committed] previous to it; or it [min] may be understood as partitive, to point out that which is due to
[those who were already Godâs] servants) and defer you, without chastising [you], until an appointed term, the
term for death. Indeed when 692 Godâs term, for your chastisement â should you not believe â comes, it cannot be
deferred, if only you knewâ, this, you would believe.
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Tafseer
He said, âMy Lord, I have summoned my people night and day, that is to say,
continuously without interruption,
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Tafseer
but my summon has only increased their evasion, of faith.
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Tafseer
And indeed whenever I summoned them, so that You might forgive them, they put
their fingers in their ears, in order not to hear what I say, and draw their cloaks over themselves,
they cover their heads with them in order not to catch sight of me, and they persist, in their disbelief,
and act in great arrogance, disdaining faith.
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Tafseer
Then indeed I summoned them aloud, that is to say, at the top of my voice;
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Tafseer
then assuredly I proclaimed to them, with my voice, and I confided, my words, to
them secretly,
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Tafseer
saying, âAsk your Lord for forgiveness, from idolatry. Assuredly He is ever
Forgiving.
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Tafseer
He will release the heaven, the rain â for they had been deprived of it â for
you in torrents, in plenteous showers,
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Tafseer
and furnish you with wealth and sons, and assign to you gardens, orchards, and
assign to you, running, rivers.
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Tafseer
What is wrong with you that you do not hope for dignity from God, that is to
say, [that] you [do not] hope that God will dignify you by becoming believers,
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Tafseer
when verily He created you in stages? (atwār is the plural of tūr, which means a
state). Thus the sperm-drop is one state, the blood clot is another state, and so on, until the creation of
the human being is complete: reflecting on [the manner of] his creation necessarily leads to belief in his
Creator.
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Tafseer
Have you not seen how God created seven heavens in layers, one on top of the
other, 693
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Tafseer
and made the moon therein â that is to say, within their totality, [but] which
is [effectively] true in the case of the heaven of this world â as a light and made the sun as a lamp?, as an
illuminating lantern, more powerful than the light of the moon.
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Tafseer
And God has caused you to grow, He has created you, from the earth, for He
created your father Adam from it.
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Tafseer
Then He will make you return into it, entombed [in your graves], and bring you
forth, for the resurrection, [with a veritable bringing forth].
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Tafseer
And God has made the earth a flat [open] expanse for you,
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Tafseer
so that you may follow throughout it spacious routes.â â
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Tafseer
Noah said, âMy Lord, they have disobeyed me and followed, that is, the riffraff
and the paupers [among them have followed], those whose wealth and children, namely, their leaders who
have been blessed with such things (read wulduhu or waladuhu, âwhose childrenâ, the first of which is
said to be the plural of walad, similar [in pattern] to khasab, khushb, or in fact [it is said to be] of the
same meaning [as walad, but an alternative form] as in the case of bukhl or bakhal, âniggardlinessâ), only add
to their loss, [to] their insolence and disbelief.
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Tafseer
And they have devised, namely, the leaders, a mighty plot, extremely outrageous,
by denying Noah and harming him as well as his followers,
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Tafseer
and have said, to the riffraff: âDo not abandon your gods, and do not abandon
Wadd (read Wadd or Wudd) nor Suwāâ, nor Yaghūth and Yaâūq and Nasrâ â these being the names of their
idols.
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Tafseer
And they have certainly led astray, by these [gods], many, people, by commanding
them to worship them. And do not [O God] increase the evildoers except in error!â (wa-lā
tazidiâl-zālimīna illā dalālan is a supplement to qad adallū, âthey have certainly led astrayâ): He [Noah] invoked
God against them when it was revealed to him that, âNone of your people will believe except he who has
already believedâ [Q. 11:36].
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Tafseer
Because of (mimmā: mā indicates a relative clause) their iniquities (khatāyāhum:
a variant reading has khatīâātihim) they were drowned, by the Flood, then made to enter the Fire, with
which they were punished underwater after drowning. And they did not find for themselves besides, that is
to say, other than, God any helpers, to protect them against the chastisement. 694
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Tafseer
And Noah said, âMy Lord, do not leave from among the disbelievers a single
dweller upon the earth (dayyār means âone who inhabits a dwelling [dār]â), in other words, not one.
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Tafseer
Assuredly if You leave them, they will lead Your servants astray, and will beget
only disbelieving profligates (fājir and kaffār derive [respectively] from yafjuru and yakfuru): he said this
on account of the mentioned revelation that had been given to him.
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Tafseer
My Lord, forgive me and my parents â both of whom were believers â and whoever
enters my house, my dwelling or my place of worship, as a believer, and believing men and believing
women, to the Day of Resurrection, and do not increase the evildoers except in ruinâ, in destruction
â and thus they were destroyed.
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