Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported Allah's Messenger (way
peace be upon him) as saying: No sadaqa (zakat) is payable
on less than five wasqs of (dates or grains), on less than
five camel-heads and on less than five uqiyas (of silver).
'Umara reported: I heard Abd Sa'id al-Khudri as saying
that he had heard Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) make (this) observation with a gesture of his five
fingers, and then he narrated the hadith as transmitted by
'Uyaina (hadith 2134).
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) as saying: Sadaqa (zakat) is payable on
less than five wasqs of (dates or grains), on less than
five camel-heads, and on less than five uqiyas (of
silver).
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) as saying: No Sadaqa is payable on the
grains and dates till it (comes to the Weight) of five
wasqs, or less than five heads of camels, or less than
five uqiyas (of silver).
Jabir b. 'Abdullah reported Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) as saying: No Sadaqa is payable on less
than five fiqiyas of silver, and on less than five heads
of camels, and less than five wasqs of dates.
Jabir b. Abdullah reported Allah's Messenger (may peace
be upon him) as saying: A tenth is payable on what is
watered by rivers, or rains, and a twentieth on what is
watered by camels.
Chapter 2: NO ZAKAT IS DUE FROM A MUSLIM ON HIS
SLAVE OR HIS HORSE
Abu Huraira reported that the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) sent Umar for (collecting) Sadaqa (zakat),
and it was said that Ibn Jamil, Khalid b. Walid and 'Abbas
the uncle of the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him), refused (to pay it). Upon this the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Ibn Jamil is taking
revenge but for this that he was destitute and Allah made
him rich. As regards Khalid, you are unjust to Khalid, for
be reserved his armours and weapons for the sake of Allah,
and as for 'Abbas, I shall be responsible for it and an
equal amount along with it. And he again said: 'Umar, bear
this in mind, the uncle of a person is like his father.
Chapter 4: ZAKAT (SADAQA) FITR IS BINDING ON
EVERY MUSLIM
Ibn Umar said that Allah's Messenger (way peace be upon
him) prescribed the payment of Zakat-ul-Fitr (on breaking
the fast) of Ramadan for people, for every freeman, or
slave, male and female among the Muslims-one sa' of dried
dates, or one sa' of barley.
Ibn 'Umar said that the Messenger of Allah (may peace
be upon him) prescribed Zakat-ul-Fitr one sa' of dates or
one sa' of barley for every slave or freeman, young or
old.
Ibn 'Umar said that the Apostle of Allah (may peace be
upon him) prescribed the Sadaqa of Ramadan (Sadaqat-al-Fitr)
one sa' of dates or one sa' of barley for every free man
or a slave, male or female, and then the people equalised
(one sa' of dates or barley) with half a sa' of wheat.
Abdullah b. Umar reported that the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him) ordered the (payment of)
Zakat-ul-Fitr one sa' of dates, or one sa' of barley. Ibn
'Umar ('Abdullah b. 'Umar) further said: The people
equalised it (then) with two mudds of fine wheat.
Ibn Umar reported that the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) prescribed Zakat-ul-Fitr of Ramadan one
sa' of dates or one sa' of barley for every individual
among the Muslims (whether) free man or slave, male or
female, young or old.
Sad b. Abu Sarh heard Abu Sa'id al-Khudri as saying: We
used to take out as the Zakat of Fitr one sa' of grain, or
one sa' of barley or one sa' of dates, or one sa' of
cheese or one sa' of raisins.
Abd Sa'id al-Khudri reported: We, on behalf of every
young or old, free man or slave (amongst us), used to take
out during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) as the Zakat of Fitr one sa' of grain,
or one sa' of cheese or one sa' of raisins. And we
continued taking out these till Mu'awiya b. Abu Sufyan
came to us for pilgrimage or 'Umra, and addressed the
people on the pulpit and said to them: I see that two
mudds of zakat out of the wheat (red) of Syria is equal to
one sa' of dates. So the people accepted it. But Abu Sa'id
said: I would continue to take out as I used to take out
(before, i e. one sa') as long as I live.
Sa'd b. Abu Sarh heard Abu Sa'id al-Khudri as saying:
We, on behalf of young or old, free or slave, used to take
out the Zakat of Fitr while the Messenger of Allah (may
peace he upon him) was among us, in three kinds, one sa'
of dates, one sa' of cheese, or one sa' of barley, and we
continued to take that out till the time of Mu'awiya, for
he saw that two mudds of wheat were equal to one sa' of
dates. Abu Sa'id sald: I would continue to take that out
as before (i e. one sa' of wheat).
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported that when Mu'awiya
prescribed half a sa' of wheat equal to one sa' of dates,
he (Abu Sa'id al-Khudri) objected to it, and said: I would
take out (Sadaqat-ul-Fitr) but that which I used to bring
forth during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) one sa' of dates, or one sa' of
raisins, or one sa' of barley, or one sa' of cheese.
Chapter 5: TAKING OUT OF SADAQAT-UL-FITR BEFORE
OBSERVING FITR PRAYER
Ibn 'Umar reported that the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) ordered that the Sadaqat-ul-Fitr should
be paid before the people go out for prayer.
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (way peace be
upon him) as saying: If any owner of gold or silver does
not pay what is due on him, when the Day of Resurrection
would come, plates of fire would be beaten out for him;
these would then be heated in the fire of Hell and his
sides, his forehead and his back would be cauterized with
them. Whenever these cool down, (the process is) repeated
during a day the extent of which would be fifty thousand
years, until judgment is pronounced among servants, and he
sees whether his path is to take him to Paradise or to
Hell. It was said: Messenger of Allah, what about the
camel? He (the Holy Prophet) said: If any owner of the
camel does not pay what is due on him, and of his due in
that (camel) is (also) to milk it on the day when it comes
down to water. When the Day of Resurrection comes a soft
sandy plain would be set for him, as extensive as
possible, (he will find) that not a single young one is
missing, and they will trample him with their hoofs and
bite him with their mouths. As often as the first of them
passes him, the last of them would be made to return
during a day the extent of which would be fifty thousand
years, until judgment is pronounced among servants and he
sees whether his path is to take him to Paradise or to
Hell. It was (again) said: Messenger of Allah, what about
cows (cattle) and sheep? He said: It any owner of the
cattle and sheep does not pay what is due on them, when
the Day of Resurrection comes a soft sandy plain would be
spread for them, he will find none of them missing, with
twisted horns, without horns or with a broken horn, and
they will gore him with their horns and trample him with
their hoofs. As often as the first of them passes him the
last of them would be made to return to him during a day
the extent of which would be fifty thousand years, until
judgment would be pronounced among the servants. And he
would be shown his path-path leading him to Paradise or to
Hell. It was said: Messenger of Allah, what about the
horse? Upon this he said: The horses are of three types.
To one than (these are) a burden, and to another man
(these are) a covering, and still to another man (these
are) a source of reward. The one for whom these are a
burden is the person who rears them in order to show off,
for vainglory and for opposing the Muslims; so they are a
burden for him. The one for whom these are a covering is
the person who rears them for the sake of Allah but does
not forget the right of Allah concerning their backs and
their necks, and so they are a covering for him. As for
those which bring reward (these refer to) the person who
rears them for the sake of Allah to be used for Muslims
and he puts them in meadow and field. And whatever thing
do these eat from that meadow and field would be recorded
on his behalf as good deeds, as would also the amount of
their dung and urine. And these would not break their
halter and prance a course or two without having got
recorded the amount of their hoof marks and their dung as
a good deed on his behalf (on behalf of their owner). And
their master does not bring them past a river from which
they drink, though he did not intend to quench their
thirst, but Allah would record for him the amount of what
they drink on his behalf as deeds. It was said: Messenger
of Allah, what about the asses?, Upon this he said:
Nothing has been revealed to me in regard to the asses (in
particular) except this one verse of a comprehensive
nature:" He who does an atom's weight of good will see it,
and he who does an atom's weight of evil will see it" (xcix.
7)
This hadith has been narrated by Zaid b. Aslam with the
same chain of transmitters except that he said:" None
among the owners of camels who does not pay their due,"
but did not say" their due (Zakat) out of them." and he
make a mention:" He did not miss a single young one out of
them." and he said:" Their sides. their foreheads and
their backs would be cauterised."
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: No owner of the treasure who does not
pay Zakat (would be spared) but (his hoards) would be
heated in the Fire of Hell and these would be made into
plates and with these his sides, his forehead would be
cauterised till Allah would pronounce judgment among His
servants during a day, the extent of which would be fifty
thousand years. He would then see his path, leading either
to Paradise or to Hell. And no owner of the camels who
does not pay Zakat (would be spared) but a soft sandy
plain would be set for him and they (the camels) would be
made to pass over him till the last of them would be made
to return till Allah would pronounce judgment among His
servants during a day the extent of which would be fifty
thousand years. He would then see his path leading him to
Paradise or leading him to Hell. And no owner of the
(cattle and) goats who does not pay Zakat (would be
spared) but a soft sandy plain would be set for him, he
would find none of them missing, with twisted horns,
without horns, or with broken horns, and they will gore
him with their horns and trample him with their hoofs and
they would be made to pass over him till the last of them
would be made to return till Allah would pronounce
judgment among His servants, during a day the extent of
which would be fdty thousand years, and he would see the
paths leading to Paradise or to Hell. Suhail said: I do
not know whether he made mention of the cows. They said:
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him), what about the
horses? He said: The horses have goodness in their
foreheads (or he said) or goodness is ingrained in the
foreheads of the horses (Suhail said: I am in doubt as to
what was actually said) up till the Day of judgement. The
horses are of three kinds. They are a source of reward to
a person, they are a covering to a person, and they are a
burden to a person. As for those which bring reward is
that a person would get reward who rears them for the sake
of Allah and trains them for Him, and nothing disappears
in their stomachs but Allah would record for him a good
deed. And if they were to graze in the meadow, they would
eat nothing but Allah would record for him a reward. And
if they were to drink water from the canal, with every
drop that, would disappear in their stomachs there would
be reward (for the owner). He went on describing till a
reward was mentioned for their urine and dung. And if they
pranced a course or two, there would be recorded a reward
for every pace that they covered. As for one for whom they
are a covering, he is the man who rears them for honour
and dignity but does not forget the right of their backs
and their stomachs, in plenty and adversity, As regards
one for whom they are a burden, he is that who rears them
for vainglory and showing off to the people; for him they
are, the burden. They said: Messenger of Allah, what about
asses? He said: Allah has not revealed to me anything in
regards to it except this one comprehensive verse:" He who
does an atom's weight of good will see it, and he who does
an atom's weight of evil will see it" (xcix. 7).
This hadith has been narrated by Suhail b. Abu Salih
with the same chain of transmitters, and he said he
substituted the word aqsa' with 'adba' and said:" his side
and his back," but he made no mention of his forehead.
This hadith has been narrated by Abu Huraira through
another chain of transmitters: The Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) said:" When a person does not pay what
is due to Allah or Sadaqa of his camels...." The rest of
the hadith is the same.
Jabir b. 'Abdullah al-Ansari reported Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) as saying: The owner of a camel
who does not pay what is due on it (would be punished in
this way) that on the Day of Resurrection many more (along
with his camel) would come and the owner would be made to
sit on a soft sandy ground and they would trample him with
their feet and hooves. And no owner of the cattle who does
not pay what is due on them (would be spared the
punishment) but on the Day of Resurrection, many more
would come and he (the owner) would be made to sit on the
soft sandy ground and would be gored by their horns and
trampled under their feet. And no owner of the goats and
sheep who does not pay what is due on them (would be
spared of punishment) but many more would come on the Day
of Resurrection and he (the owner) would be made to sit on
a soft sandy ground and they would gore him with their
horns and trample him under their hooves. And there would
be more (among this flock of sheep and goat) without horns
or with broken horns. And no owner of the treasure who
does not pay its due but his treasure would come on the
Day of Resurrection like a bald snake and would pursue him
with its mouth open, and when it would come near he would
run away from it, and he would be called thus:" Take your
treasure which you concealed, for I do not need it." When
he would find no way out he would put his hand in its
mouth and it would gnaw it like a he-camel. Abu Zubair
said: We heard Ubaid b. Umair saying this. We then asked
Jabir b. 'Abdullah about this. And he also said like Ubaid
b. Umair, Abu Zubair said: I heard 'Ubaid b. 'Umair
saying: A man said: Messenger of Allah, what is due on
camels? He said: Milking them near water, and lending of
bucket (used for drawing water from it), or lending its
male for mating with a she-camel and providing it as a
ride for the sake of Allah.
Jabir b. Abdullah reported the Apostle of Allah (may
peace be upon him) as saying: No owner of camels or cattle
or flock of sheep or goats who does not pay his due (would
be spared punishment) but would be made to sit on the Day
of Resurrection on a soft sandy ground and the hoofed
animals would trample him with their hoofs and gore him
with their horns. And none of them on that day would be
without horns, or with broken horns. We said: Messenger
of. Allab, but what is due on them? He said: Lending of
the male (for use) and lending of the bucket (used for
drawing water for them) and for mating and milking them
near water and providing them as a ride for the sake of
Allah. And no owner of the property who does not pay Zakat
(would be spared punishment) but it (his property) would
turn into a bald snake and would follow its owner wherever
he would go, and he would run away from it, and it would
be said to him: That is your property about which you were
stingy. And when he would find no other way out he would
thrust his hand in its mouth and it would gnaw it like a
male camel.
Jabir b. 'Abdullah reported: There came people from
among the Bedouins to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him) and said: Collectors of Sadaqa come to us and
treat us unjustly. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) said: Please your collectors. Jarir
said: Ever since I heard it from the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him) no collector had departed but was
pleased with me.
Abu Dharr reported: I went to the Apostle of Allah (may
peace be upon him) and he was sitting under the shade of
the Ka'ba. As he saw me he said: By the Lord of the Ka'ba,
they are the losers. I came there till I sat and I could
not stay (longer) and (then) stood up. I said: Messenger
of Allah, let my father, be ransom for you, who are they
(the losers)? He said: They are those having a huge amount
of wealth except so and so and (those who spend their
wealth generously on them whom they find in front of them,
behind them and on their right side and on their left
side) and they are a few. And no owner of camels, or
cattle or goat and sheep, who does not pay Zakat (would be
spared punishment) but these (camels, cattle, goats and
sheep) would come on the Day of Resurrection wearing more
flesh and would gore him with their horns and trample them
with their hooves. And when the last one would pass away,
the first one would return (to trample him) till judgment
would be pronounced among people.
Abu Dbarr reported: I went to the Apostle of Allah (may
peace be upon him) and he was sitting under the shade of
the Ka'ba, and the rest of the hadith it the same but for
this that he (the Holy Prophet) said:" By Allah, in Whose
hand is my life, no person on earth who dies and leaves
behind camels, or cattle or goat and sheep, and does not
pay Zakat (would be spared the punishment)."
Abu Huraira reported that the Prophet (may peace be
upon him) said: Nothing is more delighting to me than this
that Uhud should be of gold for me, and no dinar is left
with me out of it before three nights pass except a dinar
which I would set aside for the repayment of debt upon me.
Abu Dharr reported: I walked with the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) on the stony ground of
Medina in the afternoon and we were looking at Uhud. The
Messenger of Allah (way peace by upon him) said: Abu Dharr!
I said: Messenger of Allah, I am here at thy beck and
call. He said: What I desire is that Uhud be gold with me
and three nights should pass and there is left with me any
dinar but one coin which I would keep to pay debt. (I
love) to spend it among the servants of Allah like this
and he pointed in front of him, and on his right side and
on his left side. We then proceeded on and he said: Abu
Dharr. I said: At thy beck and call, Messenger of Allah.
He (the Holy Prophet) said: The rich would be poor on the
Day of Resurrection, but he who spent like this and like
this and like this, and he pointed as at the first time.
We again went on when he said. Abu Dharr, stay where you
are till I come back to you. He (the Holy Prophet) then
moved on till he disappeared from my sight He (Abu Dharr)
said: I heard a sound and I heard a noise. I said (to
myself): The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)
might have met (mishap or an enemy). I wished to follow
him but I remembered his command for not departing till he
would come back. So I waited for him, and when he came I
made a mention of what I heard. He said: it was Gabriel,
who came to me and said:" He who dies among your Ummah
without associating Anything with Allah would enter
Paradise. I said: Even if he committed fornication or
theft? He said: Even if he committed fornication or theft.
Abu Dharr reported: I went out one night (and found)
the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) walking all
alone. There was no man with him. I thought that he did
not like anyone walking along with him. So I began to walk
in the light of the moon. He, however turned his attention
to me and saw me and said: Who is this? I said: It is Abu
Dharr. Let Allah make me as ransom for you. He said: Abu
Dharr, come on. He (Abu Dharr) said: So I walked along
with him for some time and he said: The wealthy persons
would have little (reward) on the Day of Resurrection,
except upon whom Allah conferred goodness (wealth). He
dispensed it to his right, left, in front of him and at
his back (just as the wind diffuses fragrance) and did
good with it (riches). I went along with him for some time
when He said: Sit here. And he made me sit at a safe place
and there were stones around it, and he said to me: Sit
here till I come to you. He went away on the stony ground
till I could not see him. He stayed away from me, and he
prolonged his stay. Then I heard him as he came back and
he was saying: Even if he committed theft and even if he
committed fornication. When he came I could not help
asking him: Apostle of Allah, let Allah make me ransom for
you, whom were you speaking on the stony ground? I heard
nobody responding to you. He (the Holy Prophet) said: It
was Gabriel who met me by the side of the stony ground and
said: Give glad tidings to your Ummah that he who died
without associating ought with Allah would go into
Paradise. I said: Gabriel, even if he committed theft and
fornication? He said: Yes. I said: Even it he committed
theft and fornication? He said: Yes, I again said: Even if
he committed theft and fornication? He said: Yes, even if
he drank wine.
Chapter 10: HOARDERS OF WEALTH AND PUNISHMENT TO
THEM
Ahnaf b. Qais reported: I came to Medina and when I was
in the company of the grandees of Quraish a man with a
crude body and an uncouth face wearing coarse clothes came
there. He stood up before them and said: Give glad tidings
to those whom who amass riches of the stones which would
be heated in the Fire of Hell, and would be placed at the
tick of the chest till it would project from the shoulder
bone and would he put on the shoulder bone till it would
project from the tick of his chest, and it (this stone)
would continue passing and repassing (from one side to the
other). He (the narrator) said: Then people hung their
heads and I saw none among them giving any answer. He then
returned and I followed him till he sat near a pillar. I
said: I find that these (people) disliked what you said to
them and they do not understand anything. My friend
Abu'l-Qasim (Muhammad) (may peace he upon him) called me
and I responded to him, and he said: Do you see Uhud? I
saw the sun (shining) on me and I thought that he would
send me on an errand for him. So I said: I see it. Upon
this he said: Nothing would delight me more than this that
I should have gold like it (equal to the bulk of Uhud),
and I should spend it all except three dinars. (How sad it
is) that they hoard worldly riches, and they know nothing.
I said: What about you and your brothers Quraish? You do
not go to thein for any need and do not accept anything
from them. He said: By Allah, I neither beg anything from
them (from worldly goods), nor do I ask them anything
about religion till I meet my Allah and His Messenger.
Ahnaf b. Qais reported: While I was in the company of
the (elites) of Quraiah, Abu Dharr came there and he was
saying: Give glad tidings to the hoarders of riches that
their backs would be branded (so deeply) that (the hot
Iron) would come out of their sides, and when the backs of
their necks would be branded, it would come out of their
foreheads. He (Abu Dharr) then went away and sat down. I
asked who he was. They said: He is Abu Dharr. I went to
him and said to him: What is this that I heard from you
which you were saying before? He said: I said nothing but
only that which I heard from their Prophet (may peace be
upon him). I again said: What do you say about this gift?
He said: Take it, for today it is a help. But when it
becomes a price for your religion, then abandon it.
Chapter 11: EXHORTATION TO SPEND AND TIDINGS TO
HIM WHO SPENDS (ON GOOD DEEDS)
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying that Allah, the Most Blessed and High,
said: O son of Adam, spend. I will spend on you. The right
hand of Allah is full and overflowing and in nothing would
diminish it, by overspending day and night.
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying that Allah said to him:" Spend, I will
bestow upon you." And the Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him) said: The right hand of Allah is full and
spending (the riches) liberally during day and night will
not diminish (the resources of Allah). Don't you see what
(an enormous amount of resources) He has spent since He
created the heaven and the earth, and what is in His right
hand has not decreased? His Throne is upon the water. And
in His other hand is death, and He elevates and degrades
(whom He likes).
Chapter 12: EXCELLENCE OF SPENDING ON ONE'S
FAMILY, AND SERVANT, AND SIN OF ONE WHO NEGLECTS OR
WITHHOLDS THEIR SUBSISTENCE
Thauban reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) as saying: The most excellent dinar is one that a
person spends on his family, and the dinar which he spends
on his animal in Allah's path, and the dinar he spends on
his companions in Allah's path. Abu Qilaba (one of the
narrators) said: He (the narrator) started with family,
and then Abu Qilaba said: Who is the person with greater
reward than a person who spends on young members of his
family (and thus) preserves (saves them from want) (and by
virtue of which) Allah brings profit for them and makes
them rich.
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: Of the dinar you spend as a
contribution in Allah's path, or to set free a slave, or
as a sadaqa given to a needy, or to support your family,
the one yielding the greatest reward is that which you
spent on your family.
Khaithama reported: While we were sitting in the
company of 'Abdullah b. 'Umar there came in his steward.
He (Ibn 'Umar) said: Have you supplied the provision to
the slaves? He said: No. Upon this he said: Go and give
(the provision) to them, for the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) has said: This sin is enough for a man
that he withholds the subsistence from one whose master he
is.
Chapter 13: BEGINNING OF SPENDING FOR ONE'S OWN
SELF, THEN FOR ONE'S FAMILY AND THEN FOR RELATIVES
Jabir reported: A person from the Banu 'Udhra set a
slave free after his death. This news reached the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon hhn). Upon this he
said: Have you any property besides it? He said: No. Upon
this he said: Who would buy (this slave) from me? Nulaim
b. Abdullah bought it for eight hundred dirhams and (this
amount was) brought to the Messenger of Allah (may peace
be upon him) who returned it to him (the owner), and then
said: Start with your own self and spend it on yourself,
and if anything is left, it should be spent on your
family, and if anything is left (after meeting the needs
of the family) it should be spent on relatives, and if
anything is left from the family, it should be spent like
this, like this. And he was saying: In front of you, on
your right and on your left.
Jabir reported that a person among the Ansar who was
called Abu Madhkur granted posthumous freedom to his slave
who was called Ya'qub. The rest of the hadith is the same.
Chapter 14: EXCELLENCE OF SPENDING AND GIVING
SADAQA TO RELATIVES, TO WIFE, TO CHILDREN, AND PARENTS EVEN
IF THEY ARE POLYTHEISTS
Anas b. Malik is reported as saying: Abu Talha was the
one among the Ansar of Medina who possessed the largest
property and among his property he valued most was his
garden known as Bairaha' which was opposite the mosque,
and the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) often
visited it and he drank of its sweet water. When this
verse was revealed:" You will never attain righteousness
till you give freely of what you Have" (iii. 91), Abu
Talha got up and, going to Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him), said: Allah says in His Book:" You will never
attain righteousness till you give freely of what you
love," and the dearest of my property is Bairaha' so I
give it as Sadaqa to God from Whom I hope for reward for
it and the treasure with Allah; so spend it, Messenger of
Allah, on whatever purpose you deem it proper. The
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Bravo I
that is profit earning property. I have heard what you
have said, but I think you should spend it on your nearest
relatives. So Abu Talha distributed it among the neatest
relatives and his cousins on his father's side.
Anas reported that when this verse was tevealed:" You
will not attain righteousness till you give freely of what
you love," Abu Talha said: I see that our Lord has
demanded from us out of our property; so I make you a
witness, Messenger of Allah. that I give my land known as
Bairaha' for the sake of Allah. Upon this the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Give that to your
relatives. So he gave it to Hassan b. Thabit and Ubayy b.
Ka'b.
Maimuna bint Harith reported that she set free a
slave-girl during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him) and she made a mention of that to
the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) and he
said: Had you gives her to your maternal uncles, you would
have a greater reward.
Zainab, the wife of 'Abdullah (b. Mas'ud ), reported
that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said:
0 women, give sadaqa even though it be some of your
jewellery. She returned to 'Abdullah and said: You are a
person with empty hands, whereas the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him) has commanded us to give sadaqa,
so better go to him and ask and if this will suffice for
me; otherwise I shall give it to someone else. 'Abdullah
said to me (his wife): You better go yourself. So I went
and there was another woman of the Ansar at the door of
the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) having the
same porpose as I had. Now Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) was invested with awe (so we did not like to
knock). Then Bilal came out and we said to him: Go to the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) and inform him
that there are two women at the door asking him whether it
will serve them to give sadaqa to their spouses and to
orphans who are under their charge, but do not inform him
who we are. Bilal went to the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) and asked him (what these women had
instructed him to ask). The Messenger of Allah (may peace
be upon him) asked him who these women were. He (Bilal)
said: They are women from Ansar and Zainab. Upon this the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Which of
the Zainabs? He said: The wife of 'Abdullah. The Messenger
of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: There are two
rewards for them, the reward of kinship and the reward of
Sadaqa.
A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority
of Zainab the wife of 'Abdullah, and she said: I was in
the mosque and the Prophet of Allah (may peace be upon
him) saw me and said: Give Sadaqa even though it is out of
your jewellery. The rest of the hadith is the same.
Umm Salama said: I asked the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) whether there is a reward for me if I
spend oh Abu Salama's sons, and I am not going to abandon
them in this state (of helplessness) for they are my sons.
He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. For you is the reward for
what you spend on them.
Abu Mas'ud reported Allah's Messenger (way peace be
upon him) as saying: When a Muslim spends on his family
seeking reward for it from Allah, it counts for him as
sadaqa.
Asma' daughter of Abu Bakr reported: I said: Messenger
of Allah, my mother, who is inclined or scared has come to
me. Should I (even An her position of being opposed to
Islam) treat her well? He said: Yes.
Asma' bint Abu Bakr reported: My mother who was a
polytheist came to me when he (the Holy Prophet) entered
into treaty with, the Quraish (of Mecca). I inquired from
the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) saying:
Messenger of Allah, there has come to me my mother and she
is inclined; should I (in this state of her mind) show her
kindness? He said: Yes, treat her kindly.
Chapter 15: GETTING OF REWARD FOR SADAQA FOR THE
DEAD GIVEN ON HIS OR HER BEHALF
'A'isha said that a person came to the Apostle of Allah
(may peace be upon him) and said: My mother died suddenly
without having made any will. I think she would have
definitely given Sadaqa if she had been able to speak.
Would she have a reward if I gave Sadaqa on her behalf? He
(the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. This hadith has been
narrated on the authority of Hisham with the same chain of
transmitters. And in the hadith transmitted by Abu Usama
the words are:" She did not make any will," as it has been
reported by Ibn Bishr, but it was not reported by the rest
of the narrators.
Chapter 16: SADAQA INCLUDES ALL TYPES OF GOOD
ACTS
Abu Dharr reported: some of the people from among the
Companions of the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him)
said to him: Messenger of Allah, the rich have taken away
(air the) reward. They observe prayer as we do; they keep
the fasts as we keep, and tray give Sadaqa out of their
surplus riches. Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) said: Has
Allah not prescribed for you (a course) by following which
you can (also) do sadaqa? In every declaration of the
glorification of Allah (i. e. saying Subhan Allah) there
is a Sadaqa, and every Takbir (i. e. saying Allah-O-Akbar)
is a sadaqa, and every praise of His (saying al-Hamdu
Lillah) is a Sadaqa and every declaration that He is One
(La illha ill-Allah) is a sadaqa, and enjoining of good is
a sadaqa, and forbidding of that which is evil is a
Sadaqa, and in man's sexual Intercourse (with his wife, )
there is a Sadaqa. They (the Companions) said: Messenger
of Allah, is there reward for him who satisfies his sexual
passion among us? He said: Tell me, if he were to devote
it to something forbidden, would it not be a sin on his
part? Similarly, if he were to devote it to something
lawful, he should have a reward.
'A'isha reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) as saying: Every one of the children of Adam has been
created with three hundred and sixty joints; so he who
declares the Glory of Allah, praises Allah, declares Allah
to be One, Glorifies Allah, and seeks forgiveness from
Allah, and removes stone, or thorn, or bone from people's
path, and enjoins what is good and forbids from evil, to
the number of those three hundred and sixty-four, will
walk that day haviing removed himself from Hell.
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Zaid
with the same chain of transmitters except with (a slight)
change of words (i. e. he [the Holy Prophet]) said: Or he
enjoined what is good,... and said: He enters the evening
[ie. he walks till eveningl.
This hadith has been narrated by 'A'isha through anothr
chain of transmitters in which she reported Allah's
Messenger (may peace be ulon him) as saying:" Every man is
created" ; the rest of the hadith is the same and he
said:" He walks on that day."
Sa'id b. Abu Burda reported on the authority of his
grandfather that the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon
him) said: Giving of Sadaqa is essential for every Muslim.
It was said (to him): What do you say of him who does not
find (the means) to do so? He said: Let him work with both
his hands, thus doing benefit to himself and give Sadaqa.
It was said to him: What about him who does not have (the
means) to do so? He said: Then let him assist the needy,
the aggrieved. It was said: What do you say of one who
cannot even do this? He said: Then he should enjoin what
is reputable or what is good. He said: What about him if
he cannot do that? He (the Holy Prophet) said: He should
then abstain from evil, for verify that is Sadaqa on his
behalf.
Hammam b. Munabbih reported that-this is out of (those
ahadith) which Abu Huraira narrated to us from Muhammad,
the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him). And he
while making a mention of ahadith reported from Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) said this: Sadaqa is due
on every joint of a person, every day the sun rises.
Administering of justice between two men is also a Sadaqa.
And assisting a man to ride upon his beast, or helping him
load his luggage upon it, is a Sadaqa; and a good word is
a Sadaqa; and every step that you take towards prayer is a
Sadaqa, and removing of harmful things from the pathway is
a Sadaqa.
Chapter 17: CONCERNING ONE WHO SPENDS AND WHO
WITHHOLDS
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: There is never a day wherein servants
(of God) get up at morn, but are not visited by two
angels. One of them says: 0 Allah, give him more who
spends (for the sake of Allah), and the other says: 0
Allah, bring destruction to one who withholds.
Haritha b. Wahb reported Allah's Messenger (may peace
be upon him) as saying: Give Sadaqa for a time is about to
come when a person would walk with alms and the one whom
it is to be given would say: Had you brought it yesterday,
I would have accepted it. For the present I do not need
it. (And the giver of Sadaqa) I would not find anyone to
accept it.
Abu Musa reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) as saying: There would come a time for the people
when a person would roam about with Sadaqa of gold, but he
would find no one to accept it from him. And a man would
be seen followed by forty women seeking refuge with him on
account of the scarcity of males and abundance of
females."
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (way peace be
upon him) as saying: The Last Hour will not come before
wealth becomes abundant and overflowing, so much so that a
man takes Zakat out of his property and cannot find anyone
to accept it from him and till the land of Arabia becomes
meadows and rivers.
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: The Last Hour will not come till
wealth is abundant and overflowing, so much so that the
owner of the property will think as to who will accept
Sadaqa from him, and a person would be called to accept
Sadaqa and he would say: I do not need it.
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenaer (may peace be
upon him) as saying: The earth will vomit long pieces of
its liver like columns of gold and silver, and the
murderer will come and say: It was for this that I
committed murder. The breaker of family ties will come and
say: It was for this that I broke the family ties; and the
thief will come and say: It is for this that my hands were
cut off. They will then leave it and will not take
anything out of it.
Chapter 18: ACCEPTANCE OF SADAQA BY HONEST WORK
AND ITS GROWTH
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (tray peace be
upon him) as saying: If anyone gives as Sadaqa the
equivalent of a date from that (earning) earned honestly,
for Allah accepts that which is lawful, the Lord would
accept it with His Right Hand, and even if it is a date,
it would foster in the Hand of the lord, as one of you
fosters his colt, till it becomes bigger than a mountain.
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: No one gives Sadaqa of a date out of
his honest earning, but Allah accepts it with His Right
Hand, and then fosters it as one of you fosters the colt
or a young she-camel, till it becomes like a mountain or
even greater.
This hadith has been narrated through another chain of
transmitters with a change of words. In the hadith
transmitted Rauh (the words are):" Out of the honest
earning and its spending at what is its (due) right" ; and
in the hadith transmitted by Sulaiman (the words are):"
And its spending at its proper place."
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: 0 people, Allah is Good and He
therefore, accepts only that which is good. And Allah
commanded the believers as He commanded the Messengers by
saying:" O Messengers, eat of the good things, and do good
deeds; verily I am aware of what you do" (xxiii. 51). And
He said: ' 0 those who believe, eat of the good things
that We gave you" (ii. 172) He then made a mention of a
person who travels widely, his hair dishevelled and
covered with dust. He lifts his hand towards the sky (and
thus makes the supplication):" O Lord,0 Lord," whereas his
diet is unlawful, his drink is unlawful, and his clothes
are unlawful and his nourishment is unlawful. How can then
his supplication be accepted?
Chapter 19: EXHORTATION TO SADAQA EVEN THOUGH IT
IS HALF A DATE, OR A GOOD WORD, FOR THEY ARE PROTECTION
AGAINST FIRE
'Adi b. Hatim reported that he heard Allah's Messenger
(way peace be upon him) as saying: He who among you can
protect himself against Fire, he should do so, even if it
should be with half a date.
'Adi b. Hatim reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: Allah will speak with everyone
amongst you without any interpreter between them. He (the
man) would see towards his right and would not find
anything but (the deeds) which he had done before, and he
would see towards the left and would not find anything but
(the deeds) which he had done before. He would see in
front of him and would find nothing but Fire just before
his face. So protect (yourselves) against Fire even if it
is with the help of half a date. A hadith like this has
been transmitted by Khaithama and addition has been made
in this of (these words) ;" Even if it is with a good
word."
'Adi b. Hatim reported that the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) made a mention of Fire. He turned his
face aside and diverted his attention and then said: Guard
(yourselves) against Fire. He turned his face and diverted
his attention till we thought as if he were (actually
seeing it and then said: Protect yourselves against Fire
even if it is with half a date, and he who does not find
it, (he should do so) with pleasant words. Abu Kuraib did
not mention the word: (as if).
Adi b. Hatim reported that the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) made a mention of the Fire and sought
refuge (with Allah against it). He turned aside his face
three times and then said: Protect yourselves against Fire
even if with half a date. But if you fail to find it (then
protect yourselves against Fire) with the help of a
pleasant word).
Mundhir b. Jarir reported on the authority of his
father: While we were in the company of the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) in the early hours of the
morning, some people came there (who) were barefooted,
naked, wearing striped woollen clothes, or cloaks, with
their swords hung (around their necks). Most of them, nay,
all of them, belonged to the tribe of Mudar. The colour of
the face of the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)
underwent a change when he saw them in poverty. He then
entered (his house) and came out and commanded Bilal (to
pronounce Adhan). He pronounced Adhan and Iqima, and he
(the Holy Prophet) observed prayer (along with his
Companion) and then addressed (them reciting verses of the
Holy Qur'an): '" 0 people, fear your Lord, Who created you
from a single being" to the end of the verse," Allah is
ever a Watcher over you" (iv. 1). (He then recited) a
verse of Sura Hashr:" Fear Allah. and let every soul
consider that which it sends forth for the morrow and fear
Allah" (lix. 18). (Then the audience began to vie with one
another in giving charity.) Some donated a dinar, others a
dirham, still others clothes, some donated a sa' of wheat,
some a sa' of dates; till he (the Holy Prophet) said:
(Bring) even if it is half a date. Then a person from
among the Ansar came there with a money bag which his
hands could scarcely lift; in fact, they could not (lift).
Then the people followed continuously, till I saw two
heaps of eatables and clothes, and I saw the face of the
Messenger (may peace be upon him) glistening, like gold
(on account of joy). The Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him) said: He who sets a good precedent in Islam,
there is a reward for him for this (act of goodness) and
reward of that also who acted according to it
subsequently, without any deduction from their rewards;
and he who sets in Islam an evil precedent, there is upon
him the burden of that, and the burden of him also who
acted upon it subsequently, without any deduction from
their burden.
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of
Mandhir through another chain of transmitters. And the
hadith transmitted by Ibn Mu'adh contains an addition:" He
then observed the noon prayer and then gave the sermon."
Mundhir b. Jarir narrated on the authority of his
father: When we were sitting in the company of the Apostle
of Allah (may peace be upon him). There came people
dressed in striped woollen clothes, and the rest of the
hadith in the same, and there (it is also mentioned):" He
observed the Zuhr prayer and then climbed up a small
pulpit, praised Allah, lauded Him, and then said: Verily
Allah in His Book has revealed: 'O people, fear your Lord,
' etc." (iv. 1).
Jarir b. 'Abdullah reported: People came to to the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) and they ware
dressed in woollen clothes. He (the Holy Prophet) saw
their dismal state, as they were suffering from want and
the rest of the hadith is the same.
Chapter 20: THE LABOURER SHOULD GIVE CHARITY OUT
OF HIS WAGES AND IT IS SEVERELY FORBIDDEN TO BELITTLE ONE
WHO CONTRIBUTES LESS
Abu Mas'ud reported: We were commanded to give charity
(despite the fact.) that we were coolies. Abu 'Aqil
donated half a sa'. And there came another man with more
than this. The hypocrites said: Verily Allah does not
stand in need of the charity of this, and the second one
has done nothing but only made a show (of his charity).
Then this verse was revealed." Those who scoff at the
voluntary givers of charity among the believers as well as
those who cannot find anything (to give) but with their
hard labour" (ix. 80). And Bishr did not utter the word
Muttawwi'in.
This hadith has been narrated by Shu'ba with the same
chain of transmitters and in the hadith transmitted by
Sa'id b. al Rabi (the words are):" We used to carry loads
on our backs."
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira (that
the Messenger of Allah) said: Of course the person who
gives to the family a she-camel as a gift, which gives
milk morning and evening equal to a large bowl, its reward
(the reward of the gift) is great.
Abu Huraira reported that the Apostle of Allah (may
peace be upon him) forbade (to do certain things) and then
he made a mention of certain habits and said: He who gives
a she-camel as a gift, for him is the reward (of the gift)
both morn- ing and evening-a reward for drinking milk in
the morning and a reward for drinking milk in the evening.
Chapter 22: THE LIKENESS OF ONE WHO SPENDS (IN
THE PATH OF ALLAH) AND ONE WHO WITHHOLDS
Abu Haraira reported that the likeness of one who
spends or one who gives charity is that of a person who
has two cloaks or two coats-of-mail over him right from
the breast to the collar bones. And when the spender (and
the other narrator said, when the giver of charity) makes
up his mind to give charity, it (coat-mail) becomes
expanded for him. But when a miserly person intends to
spend, it contracts and every ring grips the place where
it is. For the giver of charity, this coat-of. mail
expands to cover his whole body and obliterates even his
footprints. Abu Huraira said: (The miserly man) tries to
expand it (the coat-of-mail) but it does not expand.
Abu Haraira reported that the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) gave similitudes of a miserly man and
the giver of charity as two persons who have two
coats-of-mail over them with their hands pressed closely
to their breasts and their collar bones. Whenever the
giver of charity gives charity it (the coat-of mail)
expands so much as to cover his finger tips and obliterate
his foot prints. And whenever the miserly person intends
to give charity (the coat-of-mail) contracts and every
ring grips the place where it is. He (Abu Huraira) said: I
saw the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) saying
with fingers in the opening of his shirt:" If you had seen
him trying to expand it, it will not expand."
Abu Haraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as-saying:. The similitude of a miserly man and
the giver of charity is that of two persons with coatsof
mail over them; when the giver of charity intends to give
charity, it expands over him (to much so) that the
footprints are also obliterated. And when the miserly man
intends to give charity, it contracts over him, and his
hands are tied up to his collar bone, and every ring is
fixed up to another. He (the narrator) said: I heard the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) as saying: He
would try to expand it. but he would not be able to do so.
Chapter 23: PROOF OF REWARD FOR THE GIVER OF
CHARITY EVEN IF IT GOES INTO THE HANDS OF AN UNDESERVING
PERSON
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon
him) as saying: A man expressed his intention to give
charity, so he came out with charity and placed it in the
hand of an adulteress. In the morning, the people were
talking and saying: charity was given to an adulteress
last night. He (the giver of Sadaqa) said: 0 Allah, to
Thee be the praise-to an adulteress. He then again
expressed his intention to give charity; so he went out
with the charity and placed it in the hand of a rich
person. In the morning the people were talking and saying:
Charity was given to a rich person. He (the giver of
charity) said: 0 Allah, to Thee be the praise-to a
well-to-do person. He then expressed his intention to give
charity, so he went out with charity and placed it in the
hand of a thief. In the morning, the people were talking
and saying: Charity was given to a thief. So (one of the
persons) said: 0 Allah, to Thee be the praise (what a
misfortune it is that charity has been given to) the
adulteress, to a rich person. to a thief! There came (the
angel to him) and he was told: Your charity has been
accepted. As for the adulteress (the charity might become
the means) whereby she might restrain herself from
fornication. The rich man might perhaps learn a lesson and
spend from what Allah has given him, and the thief might
thereby refrain from committing theft.
Chapter 24: THE REWARD FOR AN HONEST TRUSTEE AND
FOR THE WOMAN AS SHE GIVES CHARITY FROM THE HOUSEHOLD OF HER
HUSBAND EITHER WITH HIS EXPLICIT SANCTION OR AS IT IS
CUSTOMARY
Abu Musa reported Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon
him) as saying: The honest Muslim trustee who spends
(sometimes he said" who gives" ) what he is commanded to
do and he gives that in full with his heart overflowing
with cheerfulness and he gives it to one to whom he is
ordered, he is one of the givers of charity.
'A'isha reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) as saying: When a woman gives in charity some of the
food in her house, without causing any damage, there is
reward for her for whatever she has given, and a reward
for her husband for what he earned. The same applies to
the trustee. In no respect does the one diminish the
reward of the other.
'A'isha reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) as saying: When a woman spends (something as Sadaqa)
out of the household of her husband without causing any
damage, there is a reward for her and for him too like it
for whatever he earned, and for her (for the wife) because
of her spending (for the sake of Allah), and for the
trustee also (there is a reward like it), without any
reduction from their rewards.
Umair, the freed slave of Abi'l-Lahm reported: 1 was
the slave (of Abi'l-Lahm). I asked the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him) if I could give some charity out
of my master's wealth. He said: Yes, and the reward is
half and half between you two.
'Umair, the freed slave of Abi'l-Lahm, said: My master
commanded me to cut some meat in strips; (as I was doing
it) a poor man came to me and I gave him some of it to
eat. My master came to know of that, and he beat me. I
came to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) and
narrated it to him. He (the Holy Prophet) summoned him and
said: Why did you beat him? He (Abi'l-Lahm) said: He gives
away my food without being commanded to do so. Upon this
he (the Holy Prophet) sbid: The reward would be shared by
you two.
Hammam b. Munabbih said: These are some of the a hadith
of Muhammad. the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him), transmitted to us on the authority of Abu Huraira.
So he narrated one hadith out of them (as this): The
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: No woman
should observe fast when her spouse is present (in the
house) but with his permission. And she should not admit
any (mahram) in his house, while he (her husband) is
present, but with his permission. And whatever she spends
from his earnings without his sanction, for him is half
the reward.
Chapter 25: CONCERNING THE COLLECTION OF SADAQA
AND DOING OF GOOD DEEDS
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) assaying: If anyone contributes a pair of
anything for the sake of Allah, he would be invited to
enter Paradise (with these words): O servant of Allah. it
is good (for you). These who engage in prayer will he
invited to enter by the gate of prayer; those who take
part in Jihad will be Invited to enter by the gate of
Jihad; those wto give charity will be invited to enter by
the gate of charity; and those who observe fast will be
invited to enter by the gate ar-Rayyan. Abu Bakr Siddiq
said: Messenger of Allah, is it necessary that a person be
invited through one of these gates? Will anyone he invited
to enter by all those gates? The Messenger of Allah (way
peace be upon him) said: Yes, and I hope you will be one
of them.
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: He who spent pairs for the sake of
Allah, the guardians of Paradise would call him, (in fact)
every guardian of the door (of Paradise would welcome him
saying): O, so and so, come on. Upon this Abu Bakr said:
Messenger of Allah, (it means) there would be no distress
on this person. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him) said. I hope you would be among them.
Abu Huraira reported that the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) said: Who has observed fast among you
today? Abu Bakr (Allah be pleased with him) replied: It is
I. He (the Holy Prophet again) said: Who among you follow.
ed the bier today? Abu Bakr (Allah be pleased with him)
replied: It is I. He (the Holy Prophet again) said: Who
among you led a poor man today? Abu Bakr (Allah he pleased
with him) replied: It is I. He (again) said: Who among you
visited an invalid today? Abu Bakr (Allah be pleased with
him) said: It is I. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) said: Anyone in whom (these good deeds)
are combined will certainly, enter paradise.
Chapter 26: EXHORTATION TO SPEND (FOR THE SAKE OF
ALLAH) AND DISAPPROVAL OF CALCULATING (THE ARTICLES OF
CHARITY)
Asma', daughter of Abu Bakr (Allah be pleated with
him), reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him) said to me: Spend, and do not calculate, or otherwise
Allah would also calculate in your case.
Asma' reported Allah's Messenger (way peace be upon
him) as saying (to her): Spend and do not calculate, (for)
Allah would calculate in your case; and do not hoard,
otherwise Allah would be withholding from you.
Asma', daughter of Abu Bakr, reported that abe came to
the Apostle of Allah (may peace he upon him) and said:
Apostle of Allah, I have nothing with me, but only, that
which is given to me by Zubair (for household expenses).
Is there any sin for me if I spend out of that which is
given to me (by Zabair)? Upon this he (the Holy Prophet)
said: Spend according to your means; and do not hoard, for
Allah will withhold from you.
Chapter 27: EXHORTATION TO GIVE CHARITY EVEN
THOUGH IT IS SMALL (THE ONE WHO GIVES) SMALL AMOUNT SHOULD
NEITHER BE DISCOURAGED NOR LOOKED DOWN UPON
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: 0 Muslim women, none of you should
consider even a sheep's trotter too insignificant to give
to her neighbour.
Abu Huraira reported that the Apostle of Allah (may
peace be upon him) had said: Seven are (the persons) whom
Allah would give protection with His Shade on the Day when
there would be no shade but that of Him (i. e. on the Day
of Judgment, and they are): a just ruler, a youth who grew
up with the worship of Allah; a person whose heart is
attached to the mosques; two persons who love and meet
each other and depart from each other for the sake of
Allah; a man whom a beautiful woman of high rank seduces
(for illicit relation), but he (rejects this offer by
saying):" I fear Allah" ; a person who gives charity and
conceals it (to such an extent) that the right hand does
not know what the left has given: and a person who
remembered Allah in privacy and his eyes shed tears.
This hadith has been narrated, on the authority, of Abu
Huraira (with this change of words)." A person whose heart
is attached to the mosque when he goes out of it till he
returns to it."
Chapter 29: THE MOST EXCELI, ENT SADAQA IS THAT
WHICH IS GIVEN WHEN ONE IS HEALTHY AND CLOSE-FISTED
Abu Huraira reported that there came a person to the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) and said:
Messenger of Allah, which charity is the best? Upon this
he said: That you should give charity (in a state when you
are) healthy and close-fisted, one haunted by the fear of
poverty, hoping to become rich (charity in such a state of
health and mind is the best). And you must not defer
(charity to such a length) that you are about to die and
would he saying: This is for so and so, and this is for so
and so. Lo, it has already come into (the possession of so
and so).
Abu Huraira reported that a person came to the Apostle
of Allah (may peace be upon him) and said: Messenger of
Allah, which charity is the greatest in reward? (The Holy
Prophet said): By your father, beware, you should give
charity (in a state when you are) healthy and
close-fisted, haunted by the fear of poverty, and still
hoping to live (as rich). And you must not defer charity
(to the time) when you are about to die, and would then
say:" This is for so and so, and this for so and so." It
has already become the possession of so and so.
This hadith has been narrated with the same chain of
transmitters except with this change (of words):" Which
charity is most excellent?"
Chapter 30: CONCERNING THE STATEMENT THAT THE
UPPER HAND IS BETTER THAN, THE LOWER HAND, AND THE UPPER
HAND IS THAT WHICH GIVES AND THE LOWER ONE IS THAT WHICH
RECEIVES
Abdullah b. Umar reported that as Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) was sitting on the pulpit and
talking about Sadaqa and abstention from begging, he said:
The upper hand is better than the lower one, the upper
being the one which bestows and the lower one which begs.
Hakim b. Hizam reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) having said this: The most excellent Sadaqa or
the best of Sadaqa is that after giving which the (giver)
remains rich and the upper hand is better than the lower
hand, and begin from the members of your household.
Hakim b. Hizam reported: I begged the Apostle of Allah
(may peace be upon him), and he gave me. I again begged,
he again gave me. I again begged, he again gave me, and
then said: This property is green and sweet; he who
receives it with a cheerful heart is blessed in it, and he
who receives it with an avaricious mind would not be
blessed in it, he being like one who eats without being
satished, and the upper hand is better thad the lower
hand.
Abu Umama reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) as saying: 0 son of Adam, it is better for you if you
spend your surplus (wealth), but if you withhold it, it is
evil for you. There is (however) no reproach for you (if
you withhold means necessary) for a living. And begin
(charity) with your dependants; and the upper hand is
better than the lower hand.
Mu'awiya said: Be cautious about ahadith except those
which were current during the reign of Umar, for he
exhorted people to ftar Allah, the Exalted and majestic. I
heard the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) as
saying: He upon whom Allah intends to bestow goodness, He
confers upon him an insight in religion; and I heard the
Messenger of Allah (way peace be upon him) as saying: I am
the treasurer. To one whom I give out of (my own) sweet
will, he would be blessed in that, but he whom I give
(yielding to his constant begging and for his covetousness
is like one who would eat, but would not be satisfied.
Mu'awiya reported AUah's Messenger (may prom be upon
him) as saying: Do not beg importunately, for, I swear by
Allah, none of you who asks me for anything and manages to
get what he asks for when I disapprove td it will he be
blessed in that which I give him.
'Amr b. Dinar reported from Wahb b. Munabbih: I went to
his house in San'a' and he offered me nuts grown in his
house to eat. And his brother said: I heard Mu'awiya b.
Abu Sufyan saying that he had heard the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him) as saying, and then he made a
mention (of a hadith) like one mentioned above.
Abd al-Rahman b. Auf reported: I heard Mu'awiya b. Abu
Sufyan saying in an address that he had heard the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) as saying: He
to whom Allah intends to do good, He gives him insight
into religion. And I am only the distributor while Allah
is the Bestower.
Chapter 32: MISKIN (POOR MAN) IS ONE WHO DOES NOT
FIND ENOUGH TO SATISFY HIM AND THE PROPLR DO NOT CONSIDER
HIM (NEEDY) AS TO GIVE HIM CHARITY
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: The poor man (miskin) is not the one
who goes round to the people and is dismissed with one or
two morsels. and one or two dates. They (the Prophet's
Companions) said: Messenger of Allah, then who is miskin?
He said: He who does not get enough to satisfy him, and he
is not considered so (as to elicit the attention of the
benevolent people), so that charity way be given to him.
and he does not beg anything from people.
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: Miskin is not he who is dismissed
with one or two dates, and with one morsel or two morsels.
(In fact) miskin is he who abstains (from begging). Read
if you so desire (the verse):" They beg not of men
importunately)" (ii. 273). This hadith has been narrated
through another chain of transmitters.
Hamza. son of 'Abdullah, reported on the authority of
his father that the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon
him) said: When a man is always begging from people. he
would meet Allah (in a state) that there would be no flesh
on his face.
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of the
brother of Zuhri with the same chain of transmitters, but
no mention has been made of the word" muz'a" (piece).
Hamza b. 'Abdullah b. Umar heard his father cay that
the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) had said:
The person would continue begging from people till he
would come on the Day of Resurrection and there would be
no flesh on his face.
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: He who begs the riches of others to
increase his own is asking only for live coals, so let him
ask a little or much.
Abu Huraira is reported to have heard the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) as saying: It is letter for
one among you to bring a load of firewood on his back and
give charity out of it (and satisfy his own need) and be
independent of people, than that he should beg from
people, whether they give him anything or refuse him.
Verily the upper hand is better than the lower hand, and
begin (charity) with your dependants.
Qais b. Abu Hizam reported: We came to Abu Huraira and
he told Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) having
said this: By Allah, (it is better) that one among you
should go and bring a load of firewood on his back and he
should sell it, and the rest of the hadith was narrated
(like the previous one).
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: It is better for any one of you to
tie a bundle of firewood and carry it on his back and sell
it than to beg a person, he may give or may refuse.
Malik al-Ashja'i reported: We, nine, eight or seven
men, were in the company of the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) and he said: Why don't you pledge
allegiance to the Messenger of Allah? -while we had
recently pledged allegiance. So we said: Messenger of
Allah, we have already pledged allegiance to you. He again
said: Why don't you pledge allegiance to the Messenger of
Allah? And we said: Messenger of Allah, we have already
pledged allegiance to you. He again said: Why don't you
pledge allegiance to the Messenger of Allah? We stretched
our hands and said: Messenger of Allah. we have already
pledged allegiance to you. Now tell (on what things)
should we pledge allegiance to you. He said I (You must
pledge allegiance) that you would worship Allah only and
would not associate with Him anything, (and observe) five
prayers, and obey- (and he said onething in an undertone)
-that you would not beg people of anything. (And as a
consequence of that) I saw that some of these people did
not ask anyone to pick up the whip for them if it fell
down.
Qabisa b. Mukhariq al-Hilali said: I was under debt and
I came to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)
and begged from him regarding it. He said: Wait till we
receive Sadaqa, so that we order that to be given to you.
He again said: Qabisa, begging is not permissible but for
one of the three (classes) of persons: one who has
incurred debt, for him begging is permissible till he pays
that off, after which he must stop it; a man whose
property has been destroyed by a calamity which has
smitten him, for him begging is permissible till he gets
what will support life, or will provide him reasonable
subsistence; and a person who has been smitten by poverty.
the genuineness of which is confirmed by three intelligent
members of this peoples for him begging is permissible
till he gets what will support him, or will provide him
subsistence. Qabisa, besides these three (every other
reason) for begging is forbidden, and one who engages in
such consumes that what is forbidden.
Chapter 35: PERMISSIBILITY TO ACCEPT WHAT IS
GIVEN WITHOUT BEGGING, OR WITHOUT BEING AVARICIOUS
Salim b. Abdullah b. 'Umar reported on the authority of
his father ('Abdullah b. 'Umar) that he had heard 'Umar b.
Khattab (Allah be pleased with him) saying: The Messenger
of Allah (may peace be upon him) gave me a gift, but I
said: Give it to one who needs it more than I. He gave me
wealth for the second time but I said: Give it to one who
needs it more than I. Upon this the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him) said: Take out of this wealth
which comes to you without your being avaricious and
without begging, but in other circumstance's do not let
your heart hanker after it.
Salim b. 'Abdullah reported on the authority of his
father that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)
gave to 'Umar b. Khattab some gift. Umar said to him:
Messenger of Allah, give it to one who needs it more than
I. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him) said: Take it; either keep it with you or give it as
a charity, and whatever comes to you in the form of this
type of wealth, without your being avaricious or begging
for it, accept it, but in other circumstances do not let
your heart hanker after it. And it was on account of this
that Ibn 'Umar never begged anything from anyone, nor
refused anything given to him.
Ibn al-Sa'di Maliki reported: 'Umar b. Khattab (Allah
be pleased with him) appointed me as a collector of
Sadaqa. When I had finished that (the task assigned to me)
and I handed over that to him (to 'Umar), he commanded me
to (accept) some remuneration (for the work). I said: I
performed this duty for Allah and my reward is with Allah.
He said: Take whatever has been given to you, for I also
performed this duty during the time of the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him). He assigned me the task of
a collector and I said as you say, and the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) said to me: When you are
given anything without your begging for it, (then accept
it), eat it and give it in charity.
Abu Huraira reported from the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) as having said this: The heart of an
old person feels young for the love of two things: love
for long life and wealth.
Abu Huraira reported that the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) had said this: The heart of an old
person is young for two things: for long life and love for
wealth.
Anas reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him)
as saying: The son of Adam grows old, but two (desires) in
him remain young: desire for wealth and desire for life.
Anas reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him)
as saying: If the son of Adam were to possess two valleys
of riches. he would long for the third one. And the
stomach of the son of Adam is not filled but with dust.
And Allah returns to him who repents.
Anas b. Malik reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him) as saying this, but 1 do not know
whether this thing was revealed to him or not, but he said
to.
Anas b. MILlik reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: If there were two valleys of gold for
the son of Adam, he would long for an- other one. and his
mouth will not be filled but with dust, and Allah returns
to him who repents.
Ibn Abbas reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) as saying: If there were for the son of Adam a valley
full of riches, he would long to possess another one like
it. and Ibn Adam does not feel satiated but with dust.
1413 And Allah returns to him who returns (to HiM). 1414
Ibn Abbas said: I do not know whether it is from the
Qur'an or not; and in the narration transmitted by Zuhair
it was said: I do not know whether it is from the Qur'an,
and he made no mention of Ibn Abbas.
Abu Harb b. Abu al-Aswad reported on the authority of
his father that Abu Musa al-Ash'ari sent for the reciters
of Basra. They came to him and they were three hundred in
number. They recited the Qur'an and he said: You are the
best among the inhabitants of Basra, for you are the
reciters among them. So continue to recite it. (But bear
in mind) that your reciting for a long time may not harden
your hearts as were hardened the hearts of those before
you. We used to recite a surah which resembled in length
and severity to (Surah) Bara'at. I have, however,
forgotten it with the exception of this which I remember
out of it:" If there were two valleys full of riches, for
the son of Adam, he would long for a third valley, and
nothing would fill the stomach of the son of Adam but
dust." And we used so recite a slirah which resembled one
of the surahs of Musabbihat, and I have forgotten it, but
remember (this much) out of it:" Oh people who believe,
why do you say that which you do not practise" (lxi 2.)
and" that is recorded in your necks as a witness (against
you) and you would be asked about it on the Day of
Resurrection" (xvii. 13).
Chapter 38: ONE IS NOT RICH BECAUSE OF THE
ABUNDANCE OF GOODS
Abu Huraira reported that the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) had said: Richness does not lie in the
abundance of (worldly) goods but richness is the richness
of the soul (heart, self).
Chapter 39: FEAR OF WHAT WOULD COME OUR OF THE
ADORNMENT OF THE WORLD
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported that the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) stood up and addressed the
people thus: 0 people, by Allah, I do not entertain fear
about you in regard to anything else than that which Allah
would bring forth for you in the form of adornment of the
world. A person said: Messenger of Allah, does good
produce evil? The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him) remained silent for a while and he then said: What
did you say? He replied: Messenger of Allah, I said: Does
good produce evil? The Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him) said to him: The good does not produce but good.
but among the plants the spring rain produces There some
which kill with a tremour or nearly kill all but the
animal which feeds on vegetation. It eats and when its
flanks are distended, it faces the can. then when it has
donged or urinated and chewed it returns and eats. He who
accepts wealth rightly, Allah confers blessing on it for
him. and he who takes wealth without any right, he is like
one who eats and is not satisfied.
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported that the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) had said: The most dreadful
thing I fear in your case is what Allah brings forth for
you in the form of the adornment of the world. They (the
Prophet's Com panions) said: Messenger of Allah, what is
the adornment of the world? He said: Blessings (the
natural resources) of the earth. They (again) said:
Messenger of Allah, does good produce evil? He said: No,
only good comes out of good. No, only good comes out of
good. No. only good comes out of good. All that which the
spring rain helps to grow kills or is about to kill but
(the animal) which feeds on vegetation. It eats and when
its flanks are distended, it faces the sun, it chews the
cud, it has dunged and urinated. it returns and eats. This
wealth is green and sweet, and he who accepts it and
applies it rightly, finds it a good help, but he who takes
it wrongfully is like one who eats without being
satisfied.
Abu Said al-Khudri reported: The Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him) was sitting on the pulpit and we
were sitting around him, and he said: What I am afraid of
in regard to you after my death is that there would be
opened for you the adornments of the world and its
beauties. A person said: Messenger of Allah, does good
produce evil? The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him) remained silent. And it was said to him (the man who
had asked the question from the Holy Prophet): What Is the
matter with you, that you speak with the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) but he does not speak with
you? We thought as if revelation was descending upon him.
He regained himself and wiped the sweat from him and said:
He was the inquirer (and his style of expression showed as
if he praised him and then added): Verily good does not
produce evil. Whatever the spring rainfall causes to grow
kills or is about to kill, but that (animal) which feeds
on vegetation. It eats till its flanks are filled; it
faces the sun and dungs and urinates. and then returns to
eat. And this Wealth is a sweet vegetation, and it is a
good companion for a Muslim who gives out of it to the
needy, to the orphan. to the wayfarer, or something like
that as the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)
said: He who takes it without his right is like one who
eats but does not feel satisfied, and it would stand
witness against him on the Day of judgment.
Chapter 40: EXCELLENCE OF ABSTAINING FROM BEGGING
AND THAT OF ENDURANCE
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported that some people from
among the Ansar begged from the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) and he gave them. They again begged him
and he again gave them, till when what was in his
possession was exhausted he said: Whatever good (riches,
goods) I have, I will not withhold it from you. He who
refrains from begging Allah safeguards him against want.
and he who seeks sufficiency, Allah would keep him in a
state of sufficiency, and he who shows endurance. Allah
would grant him power to endure, and none is blessed with
an endowment better and greater than endurance.
'Amr b. al-'As reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: He Is successful who has accepted
Islam, who has been provided with sufficient for his want
and been made contented by Allah with what He has given
him.
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: 0 Allah, make the provision of
Mahammad's family sufficient just to sustain life.
Chapter 41: GIVING CHARITY TO ONE WHO BEGGED
IMPORTUNATELY OR WITH UNCIVILITY
Umar b. Khattab (Allah be pleased with him) reported
that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)
distributed something. Upon this I said: Messenger of
Allah, I swear by God, the others besides them were more
deserving than these (to whom you gave charity). He said:
They had in fact left no other alternative for me. but
(that they should) either beg importunately from me or
they would regard me as a miser, but I am not a miser.
Anas b. Malik reported: I was walking with the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) and he had put
on a mantle of Najran with a thick border. A bedouin met
him and pulled the mantle so violently that I saw this
violent pulling leaving marks of the border of the mantle
on the skin of the neck of the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him). And he (the bedouin) said: Muhammad,
issue command that I should be given out of the wealth of
Allah which is at your disposal. The Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him) turned his attention to him and
smiled, and then ordered for him a gift (provision).
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Anas
b. Malik through another chain of transmitters. And In the
hadith transmitted by Ikrima b. 'Ammir there is an
addition:" He (the bedouin) pulled his (mantle) so
violently that the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon
him) was drifted very close to the bedouin." And in the
hadith transmitted by Hammam, (the words are):" He pulled
it so violently that the mantle was torn and the border
was left around the neck of the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him)."
Miswar b. Makhrama reported that the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him) distributed some cloaks but did
not bestow one upon Makhrama. Upon this Makhrama said: 0
my son, come along with me to the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him). So I went with him. He said: Enter the
house and call him (to come out) for me. So I called him
and he (the Holy Prophet) came out, and there was a cloak
(from those already distributed) on him. He (the Holy
Prophet) said: I had kept it for you. He (Makhrama),
looked at it and was pleased.
Miswar b. Makhrama reported: Some cloaks were presented
to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him). My
father Makhrama said to me: Come along with me to him;
perhaps we may be able to get anything out of that (stock
of cloaks). My father stood at the door and began to talk.
The Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) recognised
him by his voice and came out and there was a cloak with
him, and he was showing its beauties and saying: I kept it
for you, I kept it for you.
Chapter 42: BESTOWAL UPON ONE WHO IS NOT FIRM IN
FAITH
Sa'd reported that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him) bestow- ed (some gifts) upon a group of people
and I was sitting amongst them. The Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him), however, left a person and he did
not give him any. thing. and he seemed to me the most
excellent among them (and thus deserved the gifts more
than anyone else). So I stood up before the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) and said to him in
undertone: Messenger of Allah, what obout so and so? By
Allah, I find him a believer. He (the Messenger of Allah)
said: He may be a Muslim. I kept quiet for a short while,
and then what I knew of him urged me (to plead his case
again) and I said: Messenger of Allah, what about so and
so? By Allah, I find him a believer. Upon this he (the
Holy Prophet) said: He may, be a Muslim. I again remained
quiet for a short while, and what I knew of him again
urged me (to plead his case so I) said: Messenger of
Allah, what about so and so? By Allah, I find him a
believer. Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) said: He may be
a Muslim. I often bestow (something) upon a person,
whereas someone else is dearer to me than he, because of
the fear that he may fall headling into the fire. And in
the hadith transmitted by Hulwani this statement was
repeated twice.
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of
Muhammad b. Sa'd through another chain of transmitters
(and the words are):" The Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him) struck between my neck and shoulder with his
hand and said: Do you wrangle,0 Sa'd, because I bestow
(some gifts) upon a person?"
Chapter 43: BESTOWAL UPON THOSE WHO ARE MADE TO
INCLINE (TO TRUTH)
Anas b. Malik reported that when on the Day of Hunain
Allah conferred upon His Apostle (may peace be upon him)
the riches of Hawazin (without armed encounter), the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) set about
distributing to some persons of Quraish one hundred camels
Upon this they (the young people from the Ansar) said: May
Allah grant pardon to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him) that he bestowed (these camels) upon the people
of Quraish, and he ignored us, whereas our swords are
still dripping blood. Anas b. Malik said: Their statement
was conveyed to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him) and he sent (someone) to the Ansar and gathered them
under a tent of leather. When they had assembled, the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) came to thera
and said: What is this news that has reached me from you?
The wise people of the Ansar said: Messenger of Allah, so
far as the sagacious amongst us are concerned they have
said nothing, but we have amongst us persons of immature
age; they said: May Allah grant pardon to the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) that he gave to the Quraish
and ignored us (despite the fact) that our swords are
besmeared with their blood. Upon this the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) said: I give (at times
material gifts) to persons who were quite recently in the
state of unbelief, so that I may incline them to truth
Don't you feel delighted that people should go with
riches, and you should go back to your places with the
Apostle of Allah? By Allah, that with which you would
return is better than that with which they would return.
They said: Yes, Messenger of Allah, we are pleased. The
Holy Prophet said too: You would find marked preference
(in conferring of the material gifts) in future, so you
should show patience till you meet Allah and His Messenger
and I would he at the Haud Kauthar. They said: We would
show patience.
Anas b. Malik reported that when Allah conferred upon
His Messenger (may peace be upon him) the riches of
Hawazin (without armed encounter) ; the rest of the hadith
is the same except some variation (of words):" Anas said:
We could not tolerate it and he also said: The people were
immature in age."
Anas b. Malik reported that the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) gathered the Ansar and said: Is there
someone alien among you? They said: No, but only the son
of our sister. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (may peace
be upon him) said: The son of the sister of the people is
included among the tribe, and (farther) said: The Quraish
have recently abandoned Jahillyya and have just been
delivered from distress; I, therefore, intend to help them
and conciliate them. Don't you feel happy that the people
should return with worldly riches and you return with the
Messenger of Allah to your houses? (So far as my love for
you is concerned I should say) if the people were to tread
a valley and the Ansar tread a narraw path (in a mountain)
I would tread the narrow path of the Ansar.
Anas b. Malik reported: When Mecca was conquered, he
(the Holy Prophet) distributed the spoils among the
Quraish. Upon this the Ansar said: It is strange that our
swords are dripping with their blood, whereas our spoils
have been given to them (to the Quraish). This (remark)
reached the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him),
and so he gathered them and said: What is this that has
been conveyed to me about you? They said: (Yes) it is that
very thing that, has reached you-and they were not (the
people) to speak lie. Upon this he said: Don't you like
that the people should return to their houses along with
worldly riches, whereas you should return to your houses
with the Messenger of Allah? If the people were to tread a
valley or d narrow path, and the Ansar were also to tread
a valley or a narrow path, I would tread the valley (along
with the) Ansar or the narrow path (along with the) Ansar.
Anas b. Malik reported that when it was the Day of
Hunain there came the tribes of Hawazin, Ghatafan and
others along with their children and animals, and there
were with the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him)
that day ten thousand (soldiers), and newly freed men (of
Mecca after its conquest). All these men (once) turned
their backs, till he (the Holy Prophet) was left alone. He
(the Messenger of Allah) on that day called twice and he
did not interpose anything between these two
(announcements) He turned towards his right and said: 0
people of Ansar! They said: At thy beck and call (are we),
Messenger of Allah. Be glad we are with thee. He then
turned towards his left and said: 0 people of Ansar. They
said: At thy beck and call (are we). Be glad we are with
thee. He (the Holy Prophet) was riding a white mule. He
dismounted and said: I am the servant of Allah and His
Apostle. The polytheists suffered defeat. and the
Messenger of Allah (may peace he upon him) acquired a
large quantity of spoils, and he distributed them among
the refugees and the people recently delivered (of Mecca)
but did not give anything to the Ansar. The Ansar said: In
the hour of distress it is we who are called (for help).
but the spoils are given to other people besides us. This
(remark) reached him (the Holy Prophet). and he gathered
them In a tent. and said: What is this news that has
reached me on your behalf? They kept silence. Upon this he
said: 0 people of Ansar, don't you like that people should
go away with worldly (riches), and you go away with
Muhammad taking him to your houses? They said: Yes, happy
we are. Messenger of Allah. He (the Holy Prophet) said: If
the people were to tread a valley, and the Ansar were to
tread a narrow path, I would take the narrow path of the
Ansar. Hisham said: I asked Abu Hamza if he was present
there. He said: How could Ibe absent from him?
Anas b. Malik reported: We conquered Mecca and then we
went on an expedition to Hunain. The polytheists came,
forming themselves into the best rows that I have seen.
They first formed the rows of cavalry, then those of
infantry, and then those of women behind them. Then there
were formed the rows of sheep and goats and then of other
animals. We were also people large in number, and our
(number) had reached six thousand. And on one side Khalid
b. Walid was in charge of the cavalry. And our horses at
once turned back from our rear. And we could hardly hold
our own when our horses were exposed, and the bedouins and
the peoplewhom we knew took to their heels. (Seeing this)
the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) called
thus: 0 refugees,0 refugees. He then. said: 0 Ansar,0
Ansar. (Anas said: This hadith is transmitted by a group
of eminent persons.) We said: At thy beck and call are we,
Messenger of Allah. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him) then advanced and he (Anas) said: By Allah, we
had not yet reached them when Allah defeated them. and we
took possession of the wealth and we then marched towards
Ta'if, and we besieged them for forty nights. and then
came back to Mecca and encamped (at a place), and the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) began to bestow
a hundred camels upon each individual. The rest of the
hadith is the same.
Rafi' b. Khadij reported that the Messenger of Allah;
(may peace be upon him) gave to Abu Sufyan b. Harb and Saf
wan. b. Umayya and 'Uyaina b. Hisn and Aqra' b. Habis, i.
e. to every one of these persons, one hundred of camels,
and gave to 'Abbas b. Mirdas less than this number. Upon
this 'Abbas b. Mirdis said:
You allot the share of my booty and that of my horse
between 'Uyaina and Aqra'.
Both Uyaina and Aqra' are in no way more eminent than
Mirdas (my father) in the assembly.
I am in no way inferior to any one of these persons.
And he who is let downtoday would not be elevated.
He (the narrator) said: The Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) then complet- ed one hundred camels for
him.
This hadith has been narrated by Sa'id b. Masruq with
the same chain of transmitters (with the words):" The
Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) distributed the
spoils of Hunain, and he (the Holy Prophet) gave one
hundred camels to Abu Sufyan b. Harb. The rest of the
hadith is the same, but with this addition:" He bestowed
upon" Alqama b. 'Ulatha one hundred (camels)."
This hadith has been narrated by Sa'id with the same
chain of transmitters, but no mention has been made of
Alqama b. 'Ulatha, nor of safwin b. Umayya, and he did not
mention the verse in his hadith.
Abdullah b. Zaid reported that when the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) conquered Hunain he
distributed the booty, and he bestowed upon those whose
hearts it was intended to win. It was conveyed to him (the
Holy Prophet) that the Ansar cherished a desire that they
should be given (that very portion) which the people (of
Quraish) had got. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) stood up and, after having praised
Allah and lauded Him, addressed them thus: 0 people of
Ansar, did I not find you erring and Allah guided you
aright through me, and (in the state of) being destitute
and Allah made you free from want through me, and in a
state of disunity and Allah united you through me, and
they (the Ansar) said: Allah and His Messenger are most
benevolent. He (again) said: Why do you not answer me?
They said: Allah and His Messenger are the most
benevolent. He said, If you wish you should say so and so,
and the event (should take) such and such course (and in
this connection he made a mention) of so many things. 'Amr
is under the impressionthat he has not been able to
remember them. He (the Holy Prophet) further said: Don't
you feel happy (over this state of affairs) that the
people should go away with goats and camels, and you go to
your places along with the Messenger of Allah? The Ansar
are inner garments (more close to me) and (other) people
are outer garments. Had there not been migration, I would
have been a man from among the Ansar. If the people were
to tread a valley or a narrow path, I would tread the
valley (chosen) by the Ansar or narrow path (trodden) by
them. And you would soon find after me preferences (over
you in getting material benefits). So you should show
patience till you meet me at the Haud (Kauthar).
Abdullah reported: On the day of Hunain, the Messenger
of Allah (may peace be upon him) showed preference (to
some) People in the distribution of the spoils. He
bestowed on Aqra' b. Habis one hundred camels, and
bestowed an equal (number) upon 'Uyaina, and bestowed on
people among the elites of Arabia, and pre. ferred them)
(to others) on that day, in the distribution (of spoils).
Upon this a person said: By Allah, neither justice has
been done In this distribution (of spoils), nor has the
pleasure of Allah been sought in it. I (the Narrator )
said: By Allah, I will certainly inform the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) about it. so I came to him
and informed him about what he had said. - The colour of
his (the Prophet's) face changed red like blood and he
then said: Who would do justice, if Allah and His
Messenger do not do justice? He further said: May Allah
have mercy upon Moses; he was tormented more than this,
but he showed patience. I said: Never would I convey him
(the Holy Prophet) after this (unpleasant) narration.
Abdullah reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him) distributed spoils (of war). Upon this a person
said: This is a distribution In which the pleasure of
Allah has not been sought. I came to the Apostle of Allah
(may peace be upon him) and informed him in an undertone.
He (the Holy Prophet) was deeply angry at this and his
face became red till I wished that I had not made a
mention of it to him. He (the Holy Prophet) then said:
Moses was tormented more than this, but he showed
patience.
Jabir b. Abdullah reported that a person came to the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) at Jirana on
his way back from Hunain, and there was in the clothes of
Bilal some silver. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him) took a handful out of that and bestowed it upon
the people. He (the person who had met the Prophet at
Ji'rana) said to him: Muhammad, do justice. He (the Holy
Prophet) said: Woe be upon thee, who would do justice if I
do not do justice, and you would be very unfortunate and a
loser if I do not do justice. Upon this Umar b. Khattab
(Allah be pleased with him) said: Permit me to kill this
hypocrite. Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) said: May there
be protection of Allah! People would say that I kill my
companions. This man and his companions would recite the
Qur'an but it would not go beyond their throat, and they
swerve from it just as the arrow goes through the prey.
Abu Said Khudri reported that 'Ali (Allah be pleased
with him) sent some gold alloyed with dust to the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him), and the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) distributed
that among four men, al-Aqra b. Habis Hanzali and Uyaina
b. Badr al-Fazari and 'Alqama b. 'Ulatha al-'Amiri, then
to one person of the tribe of Kilab and to Zaid al-Khair
al-Ta'l, and then to one person of the tribe of Nabhan.
Upon this the people of Quraish felt angry and said: He
(the Holy Prophet) gave to the chiefs of Najd and ignored
us. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him) said: I have done it with a view to con- cillating
them. Then there came a person with thick beard, prominent
cheeks, deep sunken eyes and protruding forehead and
shaven head. He said: Muhammad, fear Allah. Upon this the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: If I
disobey Allah, who would then obey Him? Have I not been
(sent as the) most trustworthy among the people of
the-world? -but you do not repose trust in me. That person
then went back. A person among the people then sought
permission (from the Holy Prophet) for his murder.
According to some, it was Khalid b. Walid who sought the
permission. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him), said: From this very person's posterity there
would arise people who would recite the Qur'an, but it
would not go beyond their throat; they would kill the
followers of Islam and would spare the idol-worshippers.
They would glance through the teachings of Islam so
hurriedly just as the arrow passes through the pray. If I
were to ever find them I would kill them like 'Ad.
Abu Said al-Khudri reported: 'Ali b. Abu Talib sent to
the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) from Yemen
some gold alloyed with clay in a leather bag dyed in the
leaves of Mimosa flava. He distributed it among four men.
'Uyaina b. Hisna, Aqra' b. Habis and Zaid al-Khail, and
the fourth one was either Alqama b. 'Ulatha or 'Amir b.
Tufail. A person from among his (Prophet's) Companions
said: We had a better claim to this (wealth) than these
(persons). This (remark) reached the Apostle of Allah (may
peace be upon him) upon which he said: Will you not trust
me, whereas I am a trustee of Him Who is in the heaven?
The news come to me from the heaven morning and evening.
Then there stood up a person with deep snnken eyes,
prominent cheek bones, and elevated forehead, thick beard,
shaven head, tucked up loin cloth, and he said: Messenger
of Allah, fear Allah. He (the Holy Prophet) said: Woe to
thee. do I not deserve most to fear Allah amongst the
people of the earth? That man then returned. Khalid b.
Walid then said: Messenger of Allah, should I not strike
his neck? Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) said: Perhaps he
may be observing the prayer. Khalid said: How many
observers of prayer are there who profess with their
tongue what is not in their heart? Upon this the Messenger
of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: I have not been
commanded to pierce through the hearts of people, nor to
split their bellies (insides). He again looked at him and
he was going back. Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) said:
There would arise a people from the progeny of this (man)
who would recite the Qur'an glibly, but it would not go
beyond their throats; they would (hurriedly) pass through
(the teachings of their) religion just as the arrow passes
through the prey. I conceive that he (the Holy Prophet)
also said this: If I find them I would certainly kill them
as were killed the (people of) Thamud.
This hadith has been narrated through another chain of
transmitters and (the narrator) made a mention of elevated
forehead, but he made no mention of tucked-up loin cloth
and made this addition:" There stood up 'Umar b. Khattab
(Allah be pleased with him), and said: Should I not strike
his neck? Upon this he said: No. Then he turned away, and
Khalid the Sword of Allah stood up against him, and said:
Prophet of Allah. shall I not strike off his neck? He
said, No, and then said: A people would rise from his
progeny who would recite the Book of Allah glibly and
fluently. 'Umar said: I think he (the Holy Prophet) also
said this: If I find them I would certainly kill them like
Thamud."
This hadith has been narrated through another chain of
transmitters, but no mention has been made of:" If I find
them, I would kill them as the Thamud were killed."
Abu Salama and 'Ata' b. Yasar came to Abu Sa'id
al-Khudri and asked him about Haruriya, saying: Did you
hear the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) making
a mention of them? He (Abu Sai'd al-Khudri) said: I don't
know who the Haruriya are, but I heard the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) as saying: There would arise
in this nation (and he did not say" out of them" ) a
people and you would hold insignificant your prayers as
compared with their prayers. And they would recite the
Qur'an which would not go beyond their throats and would
swerve through the religion (as blank) just as a (swift)
arrow passes through the prey. The archer looks at his
arrow, at its iron head and glances at its end (which he
held) in the tip of his fingers to see whether it had any
stain of blood.
Abu Sai'd al-Khudri reported: When we were in the
company of the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)
and he was distributing the spoils of war, there came to
him Dhul-Khuwasira, one of Banu Tamim. He said: Messenger
of Allah, do justice. Upon this the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him) said: Woe be upon thee I Who would
do justice, if I do not do justice? You would be
unsuccessful and incurring a loss, if I do not do justice.
Upon this Umar b. Khattab (Allah be pleased with him)
said: Messenger of Allah, permit me to strike off his
neck. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said:
Leave him, for he has friends (who would outwardly look to
be so religious and pious) that everyone among you would
consider his prayer insignificant as compared with their
prayer, and his fast as com- pared with their fasts. They
would recite the Qur'an but it would not go beyond their
collar-bones. They would pass through (the teachings of
Islam so hurriedly) just as the arrow passes through the
prey. He would look at its Iron head, but would not find
anything ticking) there. He would then see at the lowest
end, but would not find anything sticking there. He would
then see at its grip but would not find anything sticking
to it. He would then see at its feathers and he would find
nothing sticking to them (as the arrow would pass so
quickly that nothing would stick to it) neither excre-
ment nor blood. They would be recognised by the presence
of a black man among them whose upper arms would be like a
woman's breast, or like a piece of meat as it quivers, and
they would come forth at the time when there is dissension
among the people. Abu Sai'd said: I testify to the fact
that I heard it from the Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him), and I testify to the fact that 'Ali b. Abu
Talib fought against them and I was with him. He gave
orders about that man who was sought for, and when he was
brought in, and when I looked at him, he was exactly as
the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) had
described him.
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri said that the Apostle of Allah (may
peace be upon him) made a mention of a sect that would be
among his Ummah which would emerge out of the dissension
of the people. Their distinctive mark would be shaven
heads. They would be the worst creatures or the worst of
the creatures. The group who would be nearer to the truth
out of the two would kill them. The Apostle of Allah (may
peace be upon him) gave an example (to give their
description) or he said: A man throws an arrow at the prey
(or he said at the target), and sees at its iron head, but
finds no sign (of blood there), or he sees at the lowest
end, but would not see or find any sign (of blood there).
He would then see into the grip but would not find
(anything) sticking to it. Abu Sai'd then said: People of
Iraq. it is you who have killed them.
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported that the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) said: A group would secede
itself (from the Ummah) when there would be dissension
among the Muslims. Out of the two groups who would be
nearer the truth would kill them.
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) as saying: There would be two groups in
my Ummah, and there would emerge another group (seceding
itself from both of them), and the party nearer to the
truth among the two would kill them (the group of the
Khwarij).
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported from the Apostle of Allah
(may peace be upon him) that a group (Khwarij) would
emerge from the different parties (the party of Hadrat
'Ali and the party of Amir Mu'awiya), the group nearer the
truth between the two would kill them.
'Ali said: Whenever I narrate to you anything from the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) believe it to
be absolutely true as falling from the sky is dearer to me
than that of attributing anything to him (the Holy
Prophet) which he never said. When I talk to you of
anything which is between me and you (there might creep
some error in it) for battle is an outwitting. I heard the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) as saying:
There would arise at the end of the age a people who would
be young in age and immature in thought, but they would
talk (in such a manner) as if their words are the best
among the creatures. They would recite the Qur'an, but it
would not go beyond their throats, and they would pass
through the religion as an arrow goes through the prey. So
when you meet them, kill them, for in their killing you
would get a reward with Allah on the Day of judgmelat.
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of
A'mash with the same chain of transmitters, but (these
words) are not there:" They pass through the religion
clean as the arrow passes through the prey."
'Abida narrated from 'Ali that he made a mention of the
Khwarij (and in this connection) said that there would be
a person among them with a defective hand. (or with a
short hand) or a fleshy hand. If you were to exercise
restraint, I would tell you what Allah has promised to
those who would kill them on the order of Mubarrmad (may
peace be upon him). I (the narrator) said to him: Did you
hear it from Muhammad: (may peace be upon him)? He (Hadrat
'Ali) said: Yes, by the Lord of the Ka'ba; Yes, by the
Lord of the Ka'ba; yes, by the Lord of the Ka'ba.
Zaid b. Wahb Jahani reported and he was among the
squadron which wall under the command of Ali (Allah be
pleased with him) and which set out (to curb the
activities) of the Khwarij. 'Ali (Allah be pleased with
him) said: 0 people, I heard the Messeinger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) say: There would arise from my Ummah a
people who would recite the Qur'an, and your recital would
seem insignificant as compared with their recital, your
prayer as compared with their prayer, arid your fast, as
compared with their fast. They would recite the Qur'an
thinking that it sup- ports them, whereas it is an
evidence against them. Their prayer does not get beyond
their collar bone; they would swerve through Islam just as
the arrow passes through the prey. If the squadron which
is to encounter them were to know (what great boon) has
been assured to them by their Apostle (may peace be upon
him) they would completely rely upon this deed (alone and
cease to do other good deeds), and their (that of the
Khwarij) distinctive mark is that there would be (among
them) a person whose wrist would be without the arm, and
the end of his wrist would be fleshy like the nipple of
the breast on which there would be white hair. You would
be marching towards Muawiya and the people of Syria and
you would leave them behind among your children and your
property (to do harm). By Allah, I believe that these are
the people (against whom you have been commanded to fight
and get reward) for they have shed forbidden blood, and
raided the animals of the people. So go forth in the name
of Allah (to fight against them). Salama b. Kuhail
mentioned that Zaid b. Wahb made me alight at every stage,
till we crossed a bridge. 'Abdullah b. Wahb al-Rasibi was
at the head of the Khwarij when we encountered them. He
('Abdullah) said to his army: Throw the spears and draw
out your swords from their sheaths, for I fear that they
would attack you as they attacked you on the day of
Harura. They went back and threw their spears and drew out
their swords, and people fought against them with spears
and they were killed one after another. Only two persons
were killed among the people (among the army led by Hadrat
'Ali) on that day. 'Ali (Allah be pleased with him) said:
Find out from among them (the dead bodies of the Khwarij)
(the maimed). They searched but did not find him. 'Ali
(Allah be pleased with him) then himself stood up and
(walked) till he came to the people who had been killed
one after another. He ('Ali) said: Search them to the
last, and then ('Ali's companions) found him (the dead
body of the maimed) near the earth. He (Hadrat 'Ali) then
pronounced Allah-O-Akbar (Allah is the Greatest) and then
said, Allah told the Truth and His Messenger (may peace be
upon him) conveyed it. Then there stood before him 'Abida
Salmani who said: Commander of the Believers, by Allah,
besides Whom there is no god but He, (tell me) whether you
heard this hadith from the Messenger of Allah (may peace
be upon him). He said: Yes, by Allah, besides Whom there
is no god but He. He asked him to take an oath thrice and
he took the oath.
'Ubaidullah b. Abu Rafi', the freed slave of the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him), said: When
Haruria (the Khwarij) set out and as he was with 'Ali b.
Abu Talib (Allah be pleased with him) they said," There is
no command but that of Allah." Upon this 'Ali said: The
statement is true but it is intentionally applied (to
support) a wrong (cause). The Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him described their characteristics and I
found these characteristics in them. They state the truth
with their tongue, but it does not go beyond this part of
their bodies (and the narrator pointed towards his
throat). The most hateful among the creation of Allah us
one black man among them (Khwarij). One of his hand is
like the teat of a goat or the nipple of the breast. When
'Ali b. Abu Talib (Allah be pleased with him) killed them,
he said: Search (for his dead body). They searched for
him, but they did not find it (his dead body). Upon this
he said: Go (and search for him). By Allah, neither I have
spoken a lie nor has the lie been spoken to me. 'Ali said
this twice and thrice. They then found him (the dead body)
in a rain. They brought (his dead) body till they placed
it before him (Hadrat 'Ali). 'Ubaidullah said: And, I was
present at (that place) when this happened and when 'Ali
said about them. A person narrated to me from Ibn Hanain
that he said: I saw that black man.
Abu Dharr reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) as saying: Verily there would arise from my Ummah
after me or soon after me a group (of people) who would
recite the Qar'an, but it would not go beyond their
throats, and they would pass clean through their religion
just as the arrow passes through the prey, and they would
never come back to it. They would be the worst among the
creation and the creatures. Ibn Samit (one of the
narrators) said: I met Rafi' b. 'Amr Ghifari, the brother
of Al-Hakam Ghifari and I said: What is this hadith that I
heard from Abu Dharr, i. e. so and so? -and then I
narrated that hadith to him and said: I heard it from the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him).
Yusair b. 'Amr reported that he inquired of Sahl b.
Hunaif: Did you hear the Apostle of Allah (may peace be
upon him) making a mention of the Khwarij? He said: I
heard him say (and he pointed with his hand towards the
east) that these would be a people who would recite the
Qur'an with their tongues and it would not go beyond their
collar bones. They would pass clean through their religion
just as the arrow passes through the prey.
This hadith had been transmitted by Sulaiman Shaibani
with the same chain of narrators (and the words are),"
There would arise out of (this group) many a group"
Abu Huraira reported that Hasan b. 'Ali took one of The
dates of the sadaqa and put it in his mouth, whereupon the
Prophet (may peace be upon him) said: Leave it, leave it,
throw it; don't you know that we do not eat the sadaqa?
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of
Shu'ba with the same chain of transmitters (and the words
of the Holy Prophet) are:" Sadaqa is not permis- sible for
us."
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: I go back to my family and I find a
date lying on my bed. I then take it up to eat it, but
then I throw it away fearing that it may be a Sadaqa.
Out of so many ahadith which Hammam b. Munabbih
narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira from the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) one is this
that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said:
I go back to my family and I find a date lying on my bed
or in my house, and I take it up to eat it, but then I
throw it away fearing that it may be a Sadaqa or from
Sadaqa.
Anas b. Malik reported that the Apostle of Allah (may
peace be upon him) found a date in the street and said: If
it were not of sadaqa I would have eaten it. 1457
Anas b. Malik reported that the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) found a date lying on the path and
said: If it were not out of Sadaqa, I would have eaten it.
Anas b. Malik reported that the Apostle of Allah (may
peace be upon him) found a date and said: Were it not
(that I fear) it may be part of sadaqa, I would have eaten
it.
Chapter 47: THE POSTERITY OF THE HOLY PROPHET
(MAY PEACE BE UPON HIM) IS NOT ALLOWED TO MAKE USE OF SADAQA
'Abd al-Muttalib b. Rabi'a b. al-Harith reported that
Rabi'a b. al-Harith and Abbas b. Abd al-Muttalib gathered
together and said: By Allah, if we had sent these two
young boys (i. e. I and Fadl b. 'Abbas) to the Messenger
of Allah (may peace be upon him) and they had spoken to
him, he would have appointed them (as the collectors) of
these sadaqat; and they would (collect them) and pay (to
the Holy Prophet) as other people (collectors) paid and
would get a share as other people got it. As they were
talking about it there came 'Ali b. Abu Talib and stood
before them, and they made a mention of it to him. 'Ali b.
Abu Talib said: Don't do that; by Allah he (the Holy
Prophet) would not do that (would not accept your
request). Rabi'a b. Harith turned to him and said: By
Allah, you are not doing so but out of jealousy that you
nurse against us By Allah, you became the son-in-law of
the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) but we felt
no jealousy against you (for this great privilege of
yours). 'Ali then said: Send them (if you like). They set
out and 'Ali lay on the bed. When the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him) offered the noon prayer. we went
ahead of him to his apartment and stood near it till he
came out. He took hold of our ears (out of love and
affection) and then said: Give out what you have kept in
your hearts. He then entered (the apartment) and we also
went in and he (the Holy Prophet) was on that day (in the
house of) Zainab b. jahsh. We urged each (of us) to speak.
Then one of us thus spoke: Messenger of Allah, you are the
best of humanity and the best to cement the ties of
blood-relations. We have reached the-marriageable age. We
have come (to you) so that you may appoint us (as
collectors) of these sadaqat. and we would pay you just as
thin people (other collectors) pay you, and get our share
as others get it. He (the Holy Prophet) kept silence for a
long time till we wished that we should speak with him
(again), and Zainab pointied to us from behind the curtain
not to talk (any more). He (the Holy Prophet) said; It
does not become the family of Muhammad (to accept) sadaqat
for they are the impurities of people. You call to me
Mahmiya (and he was in charge of khums, i. e, of the
one-fifth part that goes to the treasury out of the spoils
of war), and Naufal b. Harith b. 'Abd al-Muttalib. They
both came to him, and he (the Holy Prophet) said to
Mahmiya: Marry your daughter to this young man (i. e. Fadl
b. 'Abbas), and he married her to him And he said to
Naufal b. Harith: Marry your daughter to this young man (i
e. 'Abd al-Muttalib b. Rabi'a, the narrator of this
hadith) and he married her to me, and he said to Mahmiya:
Pay so much mahr on behalf of both of them from this khums
Zuhri, however. said: He did not determine (the amount of
mahr).
Rabi'a b. Harith b. 'Abd al-Muttalib and Abbas b. 'Abd
al-Muttalib said to Abd al-Muttalib b. Rabi'a and Fadl b.
Ibn Abbas: Go to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him), and the rest of the hadith is the same (but with
this addition):" 'Ali spread his cloak and then lay down
on it and said: I am the father of Hasan, and I am the
chief. By Allah, I would not move from my place till your
sons come back to you with the reply to that for which you
sent them to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him). And he then also said: Verily these sadaqat are the
impurities of people, and they are not permissible for
Muhammad (may peaace be upon him), and for the family of
Muhammad. And he also said: The Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) also said to me: Call Mahmiya b. Jaz',
and he was person from Banu Asad. and the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) had apointed him as a
collector of khums.
Juwayriya, the wife of the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him)" said that Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) came to her and said: Is there anything
to eat? She said: Messenger of Allah, I swear by God,
there is no food with us except a bone of goat which my
freed maid-servant was given as sadaqa. Upon this he said:
Bring that to me, for it (the sadaqa) has reached its
destination.
Anas b. Malik reported that Barira presented to the
Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) a piece of meat
which had been given to her as sadaqa. Upon this he (the
Holy Prophet) said: That is a Sadaqa for her and a gift
for us.
'A'isha reported that (once) the Apostle of Allah (may
peace be upon him, ) was presented with beef. It was said
(by someone) that it had been given to Barira as Sadaqa.
Upon this he (the Prophet) said: It is a Sadaqa for her
and a gift for us.
'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) said: Three are the
decions (of the Shari'ah that we have come to know)
through Barira. The people gave her sadaqa and she offered
us as gift. We made a mention of it to the Apostle of
Allah (may peace be upon him), whereupon he said: It is a
sadaqa for her and a gift for you; so eat it.
This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of
'A'isha in a similar manner except a slight variation that
he said:" That is a gift for us out of it."
Umm 'Atiyya, said: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him) sent me some mutton of sadaqa. I sent a piece
out of that to 'A'isha. When the Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) came to 'A'isha, he said: Have you
anything with you (to eat)? She said: Nothing, except only
that mutton sent to us by Nusaiba (the kunya of Umm
'Atiyya) which you had sent to her. Whereupon he said: It
has reached its proper place.
Chapter 48: ACCEPTING OF GIFT BY THE HOLY PROPHET
(MAY PEACE BE UPON HIM) AND REFUSING THE SADAQA
Abu Huraira reported: Whenever the Apostle of Allah
(may peace be upon him) was presented with food, he asked
about it, If he was told that it was a gift, he ate out of
that, and if he was told that it was a sadaqa he did not
eat out of that.
'Abdullah b. Abu Aufa said that it was the common
practice of the Mes- senger of Allah (may peace be upon
him) that when the people brought to him sadaqa he blessed
them: 0 Allah, bless them. So when Abu Aufa brought to him
Sadaqa he (the Holy Prophet) said: 0 Allah, bless, the
posterity of Abu Aufa.
This hadith has been narrated by Shu'ba with the same
chain of transmitters (but with a slight variation of
words, that he said): (0 Allah), bless them."
Chapter 50: TO PLEASE THE COLLECTOR OF ZAKAT,
UNLESS HE MAKES AN UNJUST DEMAND