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Stories Of The Companions ::
قصص الصحابة رضوان الله عليهم
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'Abbaad Ibn Bishr |
‘Abdullah Ibn ‘Abbaas |
‘Abdullah Ibn 'Amr Ibn Al-'Aas |
'Abdullah ibn Hudhafah as-Sahmi |
'Abdullah ibn Jahsh |
'Abdullah Ibn Mas'uud |
'Abdullah Ibn Rawaahah |
'Abdullah Ibn Sailam |
'Abdallah Ibn 'Umar |
'Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum |
'Abdullah Ibn Az-Zubair |
'Abd Ar- Rahman Ibn Abi Bakr |
'Abd Ar-Rahman Ibn 'Awf |
Abu Ad-Dardaa |
Abu Ayuub Al-Ansaariy |
Abu Dhar Al-Ghifaariy |
Abu Jabir Abdallah bin
Amr bin Hiram |
Abu Hurairah |
Abu-l Aas ibn ar-Rabiah |
Abu Muusaa Al-Ash'ariy |
Abu Sufyaan Ibn Al-Haarith |
Abu Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah |
'Adiyy ibn Hatim |
'Aishah bint Abi Bakr |
Al-'Abbaas Ibn 'Abd Al-Muttalib |
Al-Baraa' Ibn Maalik |
Al-Miqdaad Ibn 'Amr |
'Ammaar Ibn Yaasir |
'Amr Ibn Al -'Aas |
'Amr Ibn Al-Jamuuh |
An-Nuayman ibn Amr |
An-Numan ibn Muqarrin |
Asmaa bint Abu Bakr |
At-Tufail Ibn 'Amr Ad-Dawsiy |
Az-Zubair Ibn Al-'Awaam |
Barakah |
Bilaal Ibn Rabaah |
Fatimah bint Muhammad |
Fayruz ad-Daylami |
Hakim ibn Hazm |
Hamzah Ibn 'Abd Al-Muttalib |
Hudhaifah Ibn Al-Yamaan |
Ikrimah ibn Abi Jahl |
Ja'far Ibn Abi Taalib |
Julaybib |
Habib Ibn Zaid |
Khabbab ibn al-Arat |
Khaalid Ibn Al-Waliid |
Khaalid Ibn Sa'iid |
Khubaib Ibn 'Adiy |
Mi'aadh Ibn Jabal |
Muhammad ibn Maslamah |
Mus'ab Ibn 'Umair |
Nuaym ibn Masud |
Rabiah ibn Kab |
Ramlah bint Abi Sufyan |
Rumaysa bint Milhan |
Qais Ibn Sad Ibn Ubaadah |
Sa'd Ibn Abi Waqqaas |
Sa'd Ibn Mitaadh |
Sa'd Ibn 'Ubaadah |
Sa'iid Ibn Aamir |
Sa'iid ibn Zayd |
Saalim Mawlaa Abi Hudhaifah |
Salamah Ibn Al-Akwa' |
Salmaan Al-Faarisiy |
Suhayb ar-Rumi |
Suhayb Ibn Sinaan |
Suhayl Ibn'Amr |
Talhah Ibn - Ubaid Allah |
Thaabit Ibn Qais |
Thumamah ibn Uthal |
'Ubaadah Ibn As-Saamit |
Ubaiy Ibn Ka'b |
Umair Ibn Sa'd |
Umair Ibn Wahb |
'Umraan Ibn Husain |
Umm Salamah |
Uqbah ibn Aamir |
Usaamah Ibn Zaid |
Usaid Ibn Hudair |
'Utbah Ibn Ghazwaan |
'Uthmaan Ibn Madh'uun |
Zayd al-Khayr |
Zayd Ibn Al-Khattaab |
Zayd Ibn Haarithah |
Zayd Ibn Thaabit
'Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum
Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum was a cousin of
Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, Mother of the Believers, may God be
pleased with her. His father was Qays ibn Said and his
mother was Aatikah bint Abdullah. She was called Umm Maktum
(Mother of the Concealed One) because she gave birth to a
blind child.
Abdullah witnessed the rise of Islam in Makkah. He was
amongst the first to accept Islam. He lived through the persecution of the
Muslims and suffered what the other companions of the Prophet experienced.
His attitude, like theirs, was one of firmness, staunch resistance and
sacrifice. Neither his dedication nor his faith weakened against the
violence of the Quraysh onslaught. In fact, all this only increased his
determination to hold on to the religion of God and his devotion to His
messenger.
Abdullah was devoted to the noble Prophet and he was so
eager to memorize the Quran that he would not miss any opportunity to
achieve his hearts desire. Indeed, his sense of urgency and his insistence
could sometimes have been irritating as he, unintentionally, sought to
monopolize the attention of the Prophet.
In this period, the Prophet, peace be upon him, was
concentrating on the Quraysh notables and was eager that they should become
Muslims. On one particular day, he met Utbah ibn Rabiah and his brother
Shaybah, Amr ibn Hisham better known as Abu Jahl, Umayyah ibn Khalaf and
Walid ibn Mughirah, the father of Khalid ibn Walid who was later to be known
as Sayf Allah or 'the sword of God'. He had begun talking and negotiating
with them and telling them about Islam. He so much wished that they would
respond positively to him and accept Islam or at least call off their
persecution of his companions.
While he was thus engaged, Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum came up
and asked him to read a verse from the Quran. "O messenger of God," he said,
"teach me from what God has taught you."
The Prophet frowned and turned away from him. He turned
his attention instead to the prestigious group of Quraysh, hoping that they
would become Muslims and that by their acceptance of Islam they would bring
greatness to the religion of God and strengthen his mission. As soon as he
had finished speaking to them and had left their company, he suddenly felt
partially blinded and his head began to throb violently. At this point the
following revelation came to him:
"He frowned and turned away when the blind man approached
him ! Yet for all you knew, (O Muhammad), he might perhaps have grown in
purity or have been reminded of the Truth, and helped by this reminder. Now
as for him who believes himself to be self-sufficient, to him you gave your
whole attention, although you are not accountable for his failure to attain
to purity. But as for him who came unto you full of eagerness and in awe of
God, him did you disregard.
Nay, verily, this is but a reminder and so, whoever is
willing may remember Him in the light of His revelations blest with dignity,
lofty and pure, borne by the hands of messengers, noble and most virtuous.'
(Surah Abasa 8O: 116).
These are the sixteen verses which were revealed to the
noble Prophet about Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum, sixteen verses that have
continued to be recited from that time till today and shall continue to be
recited.
From that day the Prophet did not cease to be generous to
Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum, to ask him about his affairs, to fulfill his needs
and take him into his council whenever he approached. This is not strange.
Was he not censured by God in a most severe manner on Abdullah's account? In
fact, in later years, he often greeted Ibn Umm Maktum with these words of
humility:
"Welcome unto him on whose account my Sustainer has
rebuked me." When the Quraysh intensified their persecution of the Prophet
and those who believed with him, God gave them permission to emigrate.
Abdullahs response was prompt. He and Musab ibn Umayr were the first of the
Companions to reach Madinah.
As soon as they reached Yathrib, he and Musab began
discussing with the people, reading the Quran to them and teaching them the
religion of God. When the Prophet, upon whom be peace, arrived in Madinah,
he appointed Abdullah and Bilal ibn Rabah to be muadh-dhins for the Muslims,
proclaiming the Oneness of God five times a day, calling man to the best of
actions and summoning them to success .
Bilal would call the adhan and Abdullah would pronounce
the iqamah for the Prayer. Sometimes they would reverse the process. During
Ramadan, they adopted a special routine. One of them would call the adhan to
wake people up to eat before the fast began. The other would call the adhan
to announce the beginning of dawn and the fast. It was Bilal who would
awaken the people and Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum who would announce the
beginning of dawn.
One of the responsibilities that the Prophet placed on
Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum was to put him in charge of Madinah in his absence.
This was done more than ten times, one of them being when he left for the
liberation of Makkah.
Soon after the battle of Badr, the Prophet received a
revelation from God raising the status of the mujahideen and preferring them
over the qaideen (those who remain inactive at home). This was in order to
encourage the mujahid even further and to spur the qaid to give up his
inactivity. This revelation affected ibn Umm Maktum deeply. It pained him to
be thus barred from the higher status and he said:
O messenger of God. If I could go on jihad, I would
certainly do." He then earnestly asked God to send down a revelation about
his particular case and those like him who were prevented because of their
disabilities from going on military campaigns.
His prayer was answered. An additional phrase was revealed
to the Prophet exempting those with disabilities from the import of the
original verse. The full ayah became:
"Not equal are those who remain seated among the
believers, except those who possess disabilities, and those who strive and
fight in the way of God with their wealth and their persons . . ." (Surah
an-Nisaa, 4: 95).
In spite of thus being excused from jihad, the soul of
Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum refused to be content with staying among those who
remained at home when an expedition was in progress. Great souls are not
content with remaining detached from affairs of great moment. He determined
that no campaign should by-pass him. He fixed a role for himself on the
battle field. He would say: "Place me between two rows and give me the
standard. I will carry it for you and protect it, for I am blind and cannot
run away. "
In the fourteenth year after the hijrah, Umar resolved to
mount a major assault against the Persians to bring down their State and
open the way for the Muslim forces. So he wrote to his governors:
"Send anyone with a weapon or a horse or who can offer any
form of help to me. And make haste."
Crowds of Muslims from every direction responded to Umar's
call and converged on Madinah. Among all these was the blind mujahid
Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum. Umar appointed Saud ibn Abi Waqqas commander over
the army, gave him instructions and bade him farewell. When the army reached
Qadisiyyah, Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum was prominent, wearing a coat of armor
and fully prepared. He had vowed to carry and protect the standard of the
Muslims or be killed in the process.
The forces met and engaged in battle for three days. The
fighting was among the most fierce and bitter in the history of the Muslim
conquests. On the third day, the Muslims achieved a mighty victory as one of
the greatest empires in the world collapsed and one of the most secure
thrones fell. The standard of Tawhid was raised in an idolatrous land. The
price of this clear victory was hundreds of martyrs. Among them was Abdullah
ibn Umm Maktum. He was found dead on the battlefield clutching the flag of
the Muslims.
©
EsinIslam.Com
Links To Sahabah The Companions Of Prophet Muhammad
(SAW):
Stories Of The Companions ::
قصص الصحابة رضوان الله عليهم
--
'Abbaad Ibn Bishr |
‘Abdullah Ibn ‘Abbaas |
‘Abdullah Ibn 'Amr Ibn Al-'Aas |
'Abdullah ibn Hudhafah as-Sahmi |
'Abdullah ibn Jahsh |
'Abdullah Ibn Mas'uud |
'Abdullah Ibn Rawaahah |
'Abdullah Ibn Sailam |
'Abdallah Ibn 'Umar |
'Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum |
'Abdullah Ibn Az-Zubair |
'Abd Ar- Rahman Ibn Abi Bakr |
'Abd Ar-Rahman Ibn 'Awf |
Abu Ad-Dardaa |
Abu Ayuub Al-Ansaariy |
Abu Dhar Al-Ghifaariy |
Abu Jabir Abdallah bin
Amr bin Hiram |
Abu Hurairah |
Abu-l Aas ibn ar-Rabiah |
Abu Muusaa Al-Ash'ariy |
Abu Sufyaan Ibn Al-Haarith |
Abu Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah |
'Adiyy ibn Hatim |
'Aishah bint Abi Bakr |
Al-'Abbaas Ibn 'Abd Al-Muttalib |
Al-Baraa' Ibn Maalik |
Al-Miqdaad Ibn 'Amr |
'Ammaar Ibn Yaasir |
'Amr Ibn Al -'Aas |
'Amr Ibn Al-Jamuuh |
An-Nuayman ibn Amr |
An-Numan ibn Muqarrin |
Asmaa bint Abu Bakr |
At-Tufail Ibn 'Amr Ad-Dawsiy |
Az-Zubair Ibn Al-'Awaam |
Barakah |
Bilaal Ibn Rabaah |
Fatimah bint Muhammad |
Fayruz ad-Daylami |
Hakim ibn Hazm |
Hamzah Ibn 'Abd Al-Muttalib |
Hudhaifah Ibn Al-Yamaan |
Ikrimah ibn Abi Jahl |
Ja'far Ibn Abi Taalib |
Julaybib |
Habib Ibn Zaid |
Khabbab ibn al-Arat |
Khaalid Ibn Al-Waliid |
Khaalid Ibn Sa'iid |
Khubaib Ibn 'Adiy |
Mi'aadh Ibn Jabal |
Muhammad ibn Maslamah |
Mus'ab Ibn 'Umair |
Nuaym ibn Masud |
Rabiah ibn Kab |
Ramlah bint Abi Sufyan |
Rumaysa bint Milhan |
Qais Ibn Sad Ibn Ubaadah |
Sa'd Ibn Abi Waqqaas |
Sa'd Ibn Mitaadh |
Sa'd Ibn 'Ubaadah |
Sa'iid Ibn Aamir |
Sa'iid ibn Zayd |
Saalim Mawlaa Abi Hudhaifah |
Salamah Ibn Al-Akwa' |
Salmaan Al-Faarisiy |
Suhayb ar-Rumi |
Suhayb Ibn Sinaan |
Suhayl Ibn'Amr |
Talhah Ibn - Ubaid Allah |
Thaabit Ibn Qais |
Thumamah ibn Uthal |
'Ubaadah Ibn As-Saamit |
Ubaiy Ibn Ka'b |
Umair Ibn Sa'd |
Umair Ibn Wahb |
'Umraan Ibn Husain |
Umm Salamah |
Uqbah ibn Aamir |
Usaamah Ibn Zaid |
Usaid Ibn Hudair |
'Utbah Ibn Ghazwaan |
'Uthmaan Ibn Madh'uun |
Zayd al-Khayr |
Zayd Ibn Al-Khattaab |
Zayd Ibn Haarithah |
Zayd Ibn Thaabit |
Muhammad The Messenger Of Allah ::
محمّد رسول الله صلى الله عليه
وسلّم --
Biography by a Muslim, Muhammad Hamidullah |
Biography by a non-Muslim, K. Rao |
The Prophet (s.a.w.) as a blessing to mankind |
Description Of The Prophet (s.a.w.) |
Finality of Prophethood |
Last Sermon Of The Prophets (s.a.w.) |
What other scholars say about the Prophet (s.a.w.) and
additional sayings |
The Rightly Guided Caliphs ::
الخلفاء الراشدون رضوان عليهم |
The First Caliph, Abu Bakr (632-634 A.C.)
|
The Second Caliph, Umar (634-644 A.C.) |
The Third Caliph, Uthman (644-656 A.C.) |
The Fourth Caliph, Ali (656-661 A.C.)
|
Muslim Profiles --
Imam Abu Hanifa |
Imam Ibn Hanbal |
Imam Malik |
Imam Al Shafi’i |
Al Ayoubi |
Al Battani |
Al Biruni |
Al Buzjani |
Al Farghani |
Al Kindi |
Al Idrisi |
Al Khayyam |
Al Khawarizmi |
Al Tusi |
Al Zahrawi |
Dan Fodio |
Ibn Al-Baitar |
Ibn Al Nafis |
Ibn Batuta |
Ibn Haiyan |
Ibn Khaldun |
Ibn Rushd |
Ibn Qurra |
Ibn Sina |
Ibn Ziyad |
Ibn Zuhr |
Sheikh Abdulfattah Abu-Abdullah Adelabu (Ph. D. Damas)
|
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