Yahya related to me from Malik that Yahya ibn Said
said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, had wanted to take two pieces of wood to
strike them together to gather people for the prayer, and
Abdullah ibn Zayd al-Ansari, then of the tribe of Harith
ibn al-Khazraj, was shown two pieces of wood in his sleep.
He said, 'These are close to what the Messenger of Allah,
may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wants.' Then it
was said, 'Do you not call to the prayer?', so when he
woke up he went to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, and mentioned the dream to him.
The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, ordered the adhan."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Ata
ibn Yazid al-Laythi from Abu Said al-Khudri that the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said, "When you hear the adhan, repeat what the
muadhdhin says."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Sumayy, the mawla
of Abu Bakr ibn Abd ar-Rahman, from Abu Hurayra that the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said, "If people knew what was in the adhan and the
first row of the prayer and could only draw lots for it,
they would draw lots. And if they knew what was in doing
dhuhr early, they would race each other to it. And if they
knew what was in isha and subh, they would go to them even
if they had to crawl."
Yahya related to me from Malik from al-Ala ibn Abd
ar-Rahman ibn Yaqub from his father and Ishaq ibn Abdullah
that they informed him that they heard Abu Hurayra say,
"The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said, 'When the iqama is called for prayer, do not
come to it running, but come with calmness. Pray what you
catch and complete what you miss. You are in prayer as
long as your aim is the prayer.' "
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abd arRahman ibn
Abdullah ibn Abd ar-Rahman ibn Abu Sasaca al-Ansari, and
later al-Mazini, that his father told him that Abu Said
al-Khudri had said to him, "I see that you love sheep and
the desert. When you are among your sheep or in your
desert, call the prayer and raise your voice in the adhan,
because I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, say, 'No jinn or man oranything
within range hears the voice of the muadhdhin except that
it bears witness for him on the day of rising.' "
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad from
al-Araj from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the call
to prayer is made Shaytan retreats, passing wind, so that
he will not hear the adhan. When the adhan is completed he
comes back, until, when the iqama is said, he retreats
again. When the iqama is completed, he comes back, until
he comes between a man and his self and says, 'Think of
such and such, think of such and such,' which he was not
thinking about before, until the man does not know how
much he has prayed."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu Hazim ibn Dinar
that Sahl ibn Sad as-Saidi said, "There are two times when
the gates of heaven are opened, and few who make
supplication have it returned to them unanswered. They are
at the timeof the adhan, and in a rank of people fighting
in the way of Allah."
Malik was asked whether the adhan on the day of jumua
was called before the time had come for the prayer and he
said, "It is not called until after the sun has passed the
meridian."
Malik was asked about doubling the adhan and the iqama,
and at what point people had to stand when the iqama for
the prayer was called. He said, "I have heard nothing
about the adhan and iqama except what I have seen people
do. As for the iqama, it is not doubled. That is what the
people of knowledge in our region continue to do. As for
people standing up when the iqama for the prayer is
called, I have not heard of any definite point at which it
is begun, and I consider it rather to be according to
people's (individual) capacity, for some people are heavy
and some are light, and they are not able to be as one man
."
Malik was asked about a gathering of people who wished
to do the prescribed prayer calling the iqama and not the
adhan, and he said, "lt is enough for them. The adhan is
only obligatory in mosques where the prayer is said in
congregation."
Malik was asked about the muadhdhin saying "Peace be
upon you" to the imam and calling him to the prayer, and
he was asked who was the first person to whom such a
greeting was made. He replied, "I have not heard that this
greeting occurred in the first community."
Yahya said that Malik was asked whether a muadhdhin who
called the people to prayer and then waited to see if
anyone would come and no one did, so he said the iqama and
did the prayer by himself and then people came after he
had finished, should repeat the prayer with them. Malik
said, "He does not repeat the prayer, and whoever comes
after he has finished should do the prayer by himself."
Yahya said that Malik was asked about a muadhdhin who
called the adhan for a group of people, did voluntary
prayers, and then the group of people wanted to do the
prayer with some one else saying the iqama. He said,
"There is no harm in that. His iqama or somebody else's
are the same."
Yahya said that Malik said, "The subh prayer is still
called before dawn. As for the other prayers, we believe
that they should only be called after the time has
started."
Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that
the muadhdhin came to Umar ibn al-Khattab to call him to
the subh prayer and found him sleeping, so he said,
"Prayer is better than sleep," and Umar ordered him to put
that in the adhan for subh .
Yahya related to me from Malik from his paternal uncle
Abu Suhayl ibn Malik that his uncle's father said, "I
recognise nothing nowadays of what I saw the people (i.e.
the companions of the Messenger, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace ) doing except the call to prayer."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah
ibn Umar called the adhan on a cold and windy night and
included the phrase, "Do the prayer in shelter." Then he
said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, used to orderthe muadhdhin to say, 'Do
the prayerin shelter' when it was a cold, rainy night "
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that on a
journey Abdullah ibn Umar did no more than the iqama,
except for subh, when he called both the adhan and the
iqama. Abdullah ibn Umar used to say, "The adhan is for an
imam whom people join ."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn Urwa
that his father said to him, "When you are on a journey
you can, if you wish, call the adhan and the iqama, or, if
you wish, the iqama and not the adhan."
Yahya said that he heard Malik say, "There is no harm
in a man calling the adhan while riding."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that
Said ibn al-Musayyab used to say, "Whoever prays on
waterless, desolate land - an angel prays on his right and
an angel prays on his left. When he calls both the adhan
and the iqama for the prayer, or calls out the iqama,
angels like mountains pray behind him."
Section: The Duration of the Meal before Dawn (Sahur) in
Relation to the Adhan
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abdullah ibn Dinar
from Abdullah ibn Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Bilal calls
the adhan whilst it is still night so eat and drink until
Ibn Umm Maktum calls the adhan."
Section: The Adhan During a Journey and Without Wudu
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from
Salim ibn Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, said, "Bilal calls the
adhan in the night, so eat and drink until Ibn Umm Maktum
calls the adhan." Ibn Umm Maktum was a blind man who did
not call the adhan until someone said to him, "The morning
has come. The morning has come."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from
Salim ibn Abdullah from Abdullah ibn Umar that the
Messengerof Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, used to raise his hands to the level of his
shoulders when he began the prayer and when he raised his
head from the ruku he raised them in the same way, saying,
"Allah hears whoever praises him, our Lord and praise
belongs to You." He did not raise them in the sujud.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that AIi
ibn Husayn ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib said, "The Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to
say, 'Allah is greater' whenever he lowered himself and
raised himself, and he continued to pray like that until
he met Al lah ."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Sa'id
from Sulayman ibn Yasar that the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to raise his
hands in the prayer.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Abu
Salama ibn Abdar-Rahman ibn Awf that Abu Hurayra used to
lead them in prayer and would say "Allah is greater"
whenever he lowered himself and raised himself. When he
had finished he would say, "By Allah, I am the person
whose prayer most resembles the prayer of the Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from
Salim ibn Abdullah that Abdullah ibn Umar used to say
"Allah is greater" in the prayer whenever he lowered
himself and raised himself.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah
ibn Umar used to raise his hands to the level of his
shoulders when he began the prayer and when he raised his
head from the ruku he would raise them less than that.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu Nuaym Wahb ibn
Kaysan that Jabir ibn Abdullah used to teach them the
takbir in the prayer. Abu Nuaym said, "He used to tell us
to say 'Allah is greater' whenever we lowered or raised
ourselves."
Yahya related to me from Malik that Ibn Shihab used to
say, "When a man catches the raka he says, 'Allah is
greater' once, and that takbir is enough for him."
Malik added, "That is if he intended to begin the
prayer by that takbir "
Malik was asked about a man who began with the imam but
forgot the opening takbir and the takbir of the ruku until
he had done one raka. Then he remembered that he had not
said the takbir at the opening nor in the ruku,so he said
the takbir in the second raka. He said, "I prefer that he
start his prayer again, but if he forgets the opening
takbir with the imam and says the takbir in the first ruku,
I consider that enough for him if he intends by it the
opening takbir."
Malik said, about some one who prayed by himself and
forgot the opening takbir, "He begins his prayer afresh ."
Malik said, about an imam who forgot the opening takbir
until he had finished his prayer, "I think that he should
do the prayer again, and those behind him, even if they
have said the takbir."
Section: The Recitation of Qur'an in the Maghrib and
lsha Prayers
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from
Muhammad ibn Jubayr ibn Mutim that his father said, "I
heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, recite at-Tur (Sura 52) in the maghrib
prayer."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from
Ubaydullah ibn Abdullah ibn Utba ibn Masud from Abdullah
ibn Abbas that Umm al-Fadl bint al-Harith heard him
reciting al Mursalat (sura 77) and she said to him, "My
son, you have reminded me by reciting this sura that it
was what I last heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, recite in the maghrib
prayer."
26 Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu Ubayd, the
mawla of Sulayman ibn Abd alMalik, from Ubada ibn Nusayy
from Qays ibn al Harith that Abu Abdullah as-Sunabihi
said, "I arrived in Madina in the khalifate of Abu Bakr
as-Siddiq, and I prayed maghrib behind him. He recited the
umm al Qur'an and two suras from the shorter ones of the
mufassal in the first two rakas. Then he stood up in the
third and I drew so near to him that my clothes were
almost touching his clothes. I heard him reciting the umm
al-Qur'an and this ayat, 'Our Lord, do not make our hearts
go astray after You have guided us, and give us mercy from
Your presence. Surely You are the Giver. ' " (Sura 3 ayat
8)
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah
ibn Umar used to recite in all four rakas as when he
prayed alone - in every raka the umm al-Qur'an and another
sura from the Qur'an. Sometimes he would recite two or
three suras in one raka in the obligatory prayer.
Similarly, he recited the umm al-Qur'an and two suras in
the first two rakas of maghrib.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said from
Adi ibn Thabit al-Ansari that al-Barra ibn Azib said, "I
prayed isha with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, and he recited at-Tin (Sura 95)
in it."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi from Ibrahim
ibn Abdullah ibn Hunayn from
hisfatherfromAliibnAbiTalibthattheMessengerof Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade wearing the
qassi (an Egyptian garment, stripedwithsilk),wearing gold
rings, and reciting the Qur'an in ruku.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said from
Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn al Harith at-Taymi from Abu Hazim
at-Tammar from al Bayadi that the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, came out to the
people while they were praying and their voices were
raised in the recitation. He said, "When you pray you are
talking confidentially to your Lord. So look to what you
confide to Him, and do not say the Qur'an out loud so that
others hear it."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Humayd at-Tawil
that Anas ibn Malik said, "I stood behind Abu Bakr and
Umar and Uthman and none of them used to recite 'In the
name of Allah, the Merciful, the Compassionate' when they
began the prayer."
Yahya related to me from Malik from his paternal uncle
Abu Suhayl ibn Malik that his father said, "We heard the
recitation of Umar ibn al-Khattab when we were at the home
of Abu Jahmin al-Balat." (Al-Balat was a place in Madina
between the mosque and the market.)
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that when
Abdullah ibn Umar missed anything of the prayer in which
the imam recited out loud, he would stand up when the imam
had said the taslim and recite what he owed out loud to
himself.
Yahya related to me from Malik that Yazid ibn Ruman
said, "I used to pray next to Nafi ibn Jubayr ibn Mutim
and he would nudge me to prompt him while we were
praying."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn Urwa
that his father heard Abdullah ibn Amir ibn Rabia say, "We
prayed subh behind Umar ibn al-Khattab and he recited
suraYusuf (Sura 12) and surat al-Hajj (Sura 22) slowly." I
(Hisham's father) said, "By Allah, then it must have been
his habit to get up at the crack of dawn." He said, "Of
course."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said and
Rabia ibn Abi Abd arRahman from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad that
al Furafisa ibn Umayral-Hanafi said, "I only learnt Sura
Yusuf (Sura 12) from the recitation of it by Uthman ibn
Affan in the subh prayer because of the great number of
times he repeated it to us."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah
ibn Umar used to recite the first ten suras of the
mufassal in the subh prayer, and on a journey he would
recite the ummal-Qur'an and a sura in every raka.
Yahya related to me from Malik from al-Ala ibn Abd
ar-Rahman ibn Yaqub that Abu Said, the mawla of Amir ibn
Kuraz told him that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, called toUbayy ibn Kab
while he was praying. When Ubayy had finished his prayer
he joined the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, and the Messenger of Allah put his hand
upon his hand, and he was intending to leave by the door
of the mosque, so the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, said, "I hope that you will not
leave the mosque until you know a sura whose like Allah
has notsentdown in the Tawrah nor in the Injil nor in the
Qur'an." Ubayysaid, "I began to slow down my pace in the
hope of that. Then I said, 'Messenger of Allah, the sura
you promised me!' He said, 'What do you recite when you
begin the prayer?' I recited the Fatiha (Sura 1 ) until I
came to the end of it, and the Messengerof Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'It is this
sura, and it is the "seven oft-repeated" and the Great
Qur'an which I was given.' "
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu Nuaym Wahb ibn
Kaysan that he heard Jabir ibn Abdullah say, "Someone who
prays a raka without reciting the umm al-Qur'an in it has
not done the prayer except behind an imam."
Section: Reciting to Oneself behind the Imam when He
does not Recite Aloud
Yahya related to me from Malik from al-Ala ibn Abd
ar-Rahman ibn Ya'qub that he heard Abu's-Sa'ib, the mawla
of Hisham ibn Zuhra, say he had heard Abu Hurayra say, "I
heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, say, 'Whoever prays a prayer without
reciting the umm al-Qur'an in it, his prayer is aborted,
it is aborted, it is aborted, incomplete.' So I said, 'Abu
Hurayra, sometimes I am behind the imam.'Hepulled my
forearm and said, 'Recite it to yourself, O Persian, for I
heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, say that Allah the Blessed, the Exalted,
said, "I have divided the prayer into two halves between
me and my slave. One half of it is for Me and one half of
it is for IVly slave, and My slave has what he asks." '
The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said, "Recite." The slave says, 'Praise be to AIIah,
the Lord of theWorlds.' Allah the Blessed, the Exalted,
says, 'My slave has praised Me.' The slave says, 'The
Merciful, the Compassionate.' Allah says, 'My slave has
spoken well of Me.' The slave says, 'Master of the Day of
the Deen.' Allah says, 'My slave has glorified Me.' The
slave says, 'You alone we worship and You alone we
askforhelp.'Allahsays,'This ayat is between Me and My
slave, and for My slave is what he asks. 'The slave says,
'Guide us in the straight Path, the Path of those whom You
have blessed, not of those with whom You are angry, nor
those who are in error. ' Allah says, 'These are for My
slaves, and for my slave is what he asks . ' " ' "
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said and
from Rabia ibn Abi Abd ar Rahman that al-Qasim ibn
Muhammad used to recite behind the imam when the imam did
not recite aloud.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah
ibn Umar, when asked if anyone should recite behind an
imam, said, "When you pray behind an imam then the
recitation of the imam is enough for you and when you pray
on your own you must recite." Nafi added, "Abdullah ibn 'Umar
used not to recite behind the imam."
Yahya said that he heard Malik say, "The position with
us is that aman recites behind the imam when the imam does
not recite aloud and he refrains from reciting when the
imam recites aloud."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Ibn
Ukayma al-Laythi from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, finished a
prayer in which he had recited aloud and asked, "Did any
of you recite with me just now?" One man said, "Yes, I
did, Messenger of Allah." The Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I was saying
to myself, 'Why am I distracted from the Qur'an?' " When
the people heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, say that, they refrained from
reciting with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, when he recited aloud.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that
Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab and Abu Salama ibn Abd ar-Rahman
told him from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the imam
says 'Amin', say 'Amin', for the one whose 'Amin'
coincides with the 'Amin' of the angels - his previous
wrong actions are forgiven him."
Ibn Shihab said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, used to say 'Aameen'
(extending it)."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Sumayy, the mawla
of Abu Bakr, from Abu Salih as Samman, from Abu Hurayra
that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, said, "When the imam has said, 'not of those
with whom You are angry nor of those who are in error,'
say 'Amin', for the previous wrong actions of the one
whose utterance coincides with that of the angels, are
forgiven him."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z Zinad from
al-Araj from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When one of
you says 'Amin' and the angels in the sky say 'Amin' so
that one coincides with the other, his previous wrong
actions are forgiven him."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Sumayy, the mawla
of Abu Bakr, from Abu Salih as-Samman from Abu Hurayra
that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, said, "When the imam says, 'Allah hears whoever
praises Him,' say 'O Allah! Our Lord, praise be toYou,
'for the previous wrong actions done by the one whose
utterance coincides with that of the angels are forgiven."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Muslim ibn Abi
Maryam that AIi ibn Abd ar-Rahman al-Muawi said, "Abdullah
ibn Umar saw me playing with some small pebbles in the
prayer. When I finished he forbade me, saying, 'Do as the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, did.' I said, 'What did the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, do?' He said, 'When
he sat in the prayer, he placed his right hand on his
right thigh and he closed his fist and pointed his index
finger, and he placed his left hand on his left thigh.
That is what he used to do.' "
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abdullah ibn Dinar
that he had seen Abdullah ibn Umar with a man praying at
his side. When the man sat in the fourth raka, heput both
feet to one side and crossed them. When Abdullah finished,
he disapproved of that to him, and the man protested, "But
you do the same." Abdullah ibn Umar said, "I am ill."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Sadaqa ibn Yasar
that al-Mughira ibn Hakim saw Abdullah ibn Umar sit back
from the two sajdas of the prayer onto the top of his
feet. When he had finished, al-Mughira mentioned it to
him, and Abdullah ibn Umar explained, "It is not a sunna
of the prayer. I do it because I am ill."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abd ar-Rahman ibn
al-Qasim that Abdullah ibn Umar told him that he used to
see Abdullah ibn Umar cross his legs in the sitting
position of the prayer.He said, "So I did the same, and I
was young at the time. Abdullah ibn Umar forbade me and
said, 'The sunna of the prayer is that you keep your right
foot vertical and lay your left foot down.' I said to him,
'But you do the same (as I did).' He said, 'My feet do not
support me.' "
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that
al-Qasim ibn Muhammad showed them how to sit in the
tashahhud, and he kept his right foot vertical and laid
his left foot down, and sat on his left haunch not on his
foot. Then he said, "Abdullah ibn Abdullah ibn Umar saw me
doing this and related to me that his father used to do
the same thing."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from
Urwa ibn az-Zubayr from Abd ar-Rahman ibn Abd al-Qari that
he heard Umar ibn al-Khattab say, while he was teaching
people the tashahhud from the mimbar, "Say, Greetings
belong to Allah. Pure actions belong to Allah. Good words
and prayers belong to Allah. Peace on you, Prophet, and
the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and
on the slaves of Allah who are salihun. I testify that
there is no god except Allah. And I testify that Muhammad
is His slave and His messenger."
'At-tahiyatu lillah, az-zakiyatu lillah, at-tayibatu
wa's-salawatu lillah. As-salamu alayka ayyuha'nnabiyyu wa
rahmatu'llahi wa barakatuhu. As-salamu alayna wa ala
ibadi'llahi s-salihin. Ash-hadu an la ilaha illa 'llah wa
ash-hadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa rasuluh."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah
ibn Umar used to say the tashahhud saying, "In the name of
Allah. Greetings belong to Allah. Prayers belong to Allah.
Pure actions belong to Allah. Peace be on the Prophet and
the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be on us and
on the slaves of Allah who are salihun. I testify that
there is no god except Allah. I testify that Muhammad is
the Messenger of Allah."
"Bismillah, at-tahiyatu lillah, as-salawatu lillah,
az-zakiyatu lillah. As-salamu ala'n-nabiyyi wa
rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu. As-salamu alayna wa ala
ibadi'llahi's-salihin. Shahidtu an la ilaha illallah.
Shahidtu anna Muhammadu'r-rasulu'llah."
He used to say this after the first two rakas and he
would make supplication with whatever seemed fit to him
when the tashahhud was completed. When he sat at the end
of the prayer, he did the tashahhud in a similar manner,
except that after the tashahhud he made supplication with
whatever seemed fit to him. When he had completed the
tashahhud and intended to say the taslim, he said, "Peace
be on the Prophet and His mercy and blessings. Peace be
upon us and on the slaves of Allah who are salihun."
"As-salamu ala'n-nabiyyi wa rahmatu'llahi wa barakatuhu.
As-salamu alayna wa ala ibadi'llahi'ssalihin ."
He then said, "Peace be upon you" to his right, and
would return the greeting to the imam, and if anyone said
"Peace be upon you" from his left he would return the
greeting to him.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abd ar-Rahman ibn
al-Qasim from his father that A'isha, the wife of the
Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to
say in the tashahhud, "Greetings, good words, prayers,
pure actions belong to Allah. I testify that there is no
god except Allah, alone without partner, and that Muhammad
is His slave and His Messenger. Peace be on you, Prophet,
and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be on us
and on the slaves of Allah who are salihun. Peace be upon
you."
"At-tahiyatu, at-tayibatu, as-salawatu, az-zakiyatu
lillah. Ash-hadu an la ilaha illa'llah, wahdahu la sharika
lah wa anna Muhammadan abduhu wa rasuluhu. As-salamu
alayka ayyuha-n-nabiyyu wa rahmatu-llahi wa barakatuhu.
As-salamu alayna wa ala ibadi-llahi's-salihin. As-salamu
alaykum."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said al-Ansari
that al-Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad told him that
A'isha, the wife of the prophet, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, used to say in the tashahhud, "Greetings,
good words, prayers, pure actions belong to Allah. I
testify that there is no god except Allah, alone without
partner, and I testify that Muhammad is the slave of Allah
and His Messenger. Peace be upon you, Prophet, and the
mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and on
the slaves of Allah who are salihun . Peace be upon you .
"
"At-tahiyatu, at-tayibatu, as-salawatu, az-zakiyatu
lillah. Ash-hadu an la ilaha illa'llah, wahdahu la sharika
llah wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa rasuluhu. As-salamu
alayka ayyuha-n-nabiyyu wa rahmatu-llahi wa barakatuhu.
As-salamu alayna wa ala ibadi-llahi's-salihin. As-salamu
alaykum."
Yahya related to me from Malik that he asked Ibn Shihab
and Nafi, the mawla of Ibn Umar, whether a man who joined
an imam who had already done a raka should say the
tashahhud with the imam in the second and fourth rakas,
even though these were odd for him? They said, "He should
say tashahhud with him."
Malik said, "That is the position with us."
Section: What to Do If One Raises One's Head Before the
Imam
Yahya related to me from Malik from Muhammad ibn Amr
ibn AIqama from Malik ibn Abdullah as-Sadi that Abu
Hurayra said, "The one who raises his head and lowers it
before the imam - his forelock is in the hand of a shaytan."
Malik said, concerning someone who forgot and raised
his head before the imam in ruku or sujud, "The sunna of
that is to return to bowing or prostrating and not to wait
for the imam to come up. What he has done is a mistake,
because the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, 'The imam is appointed to be
followed as a leader, so do not oppose him.' Abu Hurayra
said, 'The one who raises his head and lowers it before
the imam - his forelock is in the hand of a shaytan.' "
Section: What to Do if through Forgetfulness One Says
the Taslim after Two Rakas
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ayyub ibn Abi
Tamima as-Sakhtayani from Muhammad ibn Sirin from Abu
Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, finished the prayer after two rakas
and Dhu'l-Yadayn said to him, "Has the prayer been
shortened or have you forgotten, Messenger of Allah?" The
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said, "Has Dhu'l-Yadayn spoken the truth?" The
people said, "Yes," and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, stood and prayed the other
two rakas and then said, "Peace be upon you." Then he
said, "Allah is greater" and went into a sadja as long as
his usual prostrations or longer. Then he came up and
said, "Allah is greater" and went into a sajda as long as
his usual prostrations or longer and then came up.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Da'ud ibn al-Husayn
that Abu Sufyan, the mawla of Ibn Abi Ahmad, said that he
heard Abu Hurayra say, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, prayed asr and said the
taslim after two rakas. Dhu'l-Yadayn stood up and said,
'Has the prayer been shortened, Messenger of Allah, or
have you forgotten?' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, stood up and completed what
remained of the prayer, and then, remaining sitting after
saying the taslim, he made two prostrations."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that Abu
Bakr ibn Sulayman ibn Abi Hathma said, "I have heard that
the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, prayed two rakas of one of the two day-ti me
prayers, dhuhr or asr, and said the taslim after two rakas.
Dhu'sh-Shamalayn said to him, 'Has the prayer been
shortened, Messenger of Allah, or have you forgotten?' The
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said, 'The prayer has not been shortened and I have
not forgotten.' Dhu'shShamalayn said, 'It was certainly
one of those, Messenger of Allah.' The Messenger of Allah,
may Allah bless him and grant him peace, approached the
people and said, 'Has Dh u'sh-Shamalayn spoken the truth?'
They said, 'Yes, Messenger of Allah,' and the Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, completed
what remained of the prayer, and then said, 'Peace be upon
you.' "
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from
Said ibn al-Musayyab, and from Abu Salama ibn Abd
ar-Rahman, the same as that.
Malik said, "Every forgetfulness which decreases from
the prayer, prostrations for it come before the greeting,
and every forgetfulness which is an addition to the
prayer, prostrations for it come after the greeting."
Section: Completing what is Recalled When Uncertain how
much has been Prayed
Yahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Aslam from
Ata ibn Yasar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, said, "If you are uncertain in
the prayer and do not know whether you have prayed three
or four rakas, then pray a raka and make two prostrations
from the sitting position before the taslim. If the raka
that you prayed was the fifth, then you make it even by
these two sajdas, and if it was the fourth, then the two
prostrations spite Shaytan."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Umar ibn Muhammad
ibn Zayd from Salim ibn Abdullah that Abdullah ibn Umar
used to say, "If you are uncertain in the prayer, estimate
what you think you have forgotten of the prayer and repeat
it, then do the two sajdas of forgetfulness from the
sitting position."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Afif ibn Amr as-Sahmi
that Ata ibn Yasar said, "I asked Abdullah ibn Amr ibn
al-As and Kab al Ahbar about someone who was uncertain in
his prayer, and did not know whether he had prayed three
or four rakas. Both of them said, 'He should pray another
raka and then do two sajdas from the sitting position.' "
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah
ibn Umar, when questioned about forgetfulness in the
prayer, said, "If you think that you have forgotten part
of the prayer, then pray it."
Section: What to Do if One Stands After the Completion
of the Prayer or After Two Rakas
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from al-Araj
that Abdullah ibn Buhayna said, "The Messenger of Allah,
may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed two rakas
with us and then stood without sitting and the people
stood with him. When he had finished the prayerand we had
seen him say the taslim, he said 'Allah is greater' and
did two sajdas from the sitting position and then said the
taslim again."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said from
Abd ar-Rahman ibn Hurmuz that Abdullah ibn Buhayna said,
"The Messengerof Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, prayed dhuhr with us and he stood straight up after
two rakas without sitting. When he had finished the
prayer, he did two sajdas and then said the taslim after
that."
Malik said, concerning someone who forgot in his prayer
and stood up after he had completed four rakas and recited
and then went into ruku and then, when he raised his head
from ruku, remembered that he had already completed (his
prayer), "He returns to a sitting position and does not do
any sajda. If he has already done one sajda I do not think
he should do the other. Then when his prayer is finished
he does two sajdas from the sitting position after saying
the taslim."
Section: Looking in the Prayer at What Distracts You
from It
Yahya related to me from Malik from AIqama ibn Abi
AIqama from his mother that A'isha, the wife of the
Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said,
"Abu Jahm ibn Hudhayfa gave the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, a fine striped
garment from Syria and he did the prayer in it. When he
had finished he said, 'Give this garment back to Abu Jahm.
I lookedat its stripes in the prayer and they almost
distracted me.' "
Malik related to me from Hisham ibn Urwa from his
father that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, wore a fine striped garment f rom
Syria, and then gave it to Abu Jahm and took a plain,
rough, garment in return. Abu Jahm asked, "Messenger of
Allah! Why?" He said, "I looked at its stripes in the
prayer."
Malik related to me from Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr that Abu
Talha al-Ansari was praying in his garden when a wild
pigeon flew in and began to fly to and fro trying to find
a way out. The sight was pleasing to him and he let his
eyes follow the bird for a time and then he went back to
his prayer but could not remember how much he had prayed.
He said, "A trial has befallen me in this property of
mine." So he came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, and mentioned the trial
that had happened to him in his garden and said,
"Messenger of Allah, it is a sadaqa for Allah, so dispose
of it wherever you wish."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abdullah ibn Abi
Bakr that a man from the Ansar was praying in a garden of
his in Quff, one of the valleys of Madina, during the date
season and the palms' branches were weighed down with
fruit on all sides. He looked at them and what he saw of
their fruits amazed him. Then he went back to his prayer
and he did not know how much he had prayed. He said, "A
trial has befallen me in this property of mine." So he
went toUthman ibn Affan, who was the khalifa at the time,
and mentioned it to him and said, "It is sadaqa, so give
it away in the paths of good." Uthman ibn Affan sold it
for fifty thousand and so that property became known as
the Fifty.